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107 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Abhay b4233b3b63
Merge 9deb067deb into b516adbf42 2025-09-24 17:31:08 +05:30
Sandwich b516adbf42
Fix fundamentally incorrect assertions in NIP-66 (#2067) 2025-09-20 07:39:40 -03:00
Yoji Shidara 90fcf4a44e
NIP-11: add comma and remove empty lines (#2066) 2025-09-19 07:55:42 -04:00
hodlbod abe6fb959c
Remove lud06 field (#2065)
Co-authored-by: Jon Staab <shtaab@gmail.com>
2025-09-18 17:09:53 -07:00
AsaiToshiya 4b19bf2e40
delete BREAKING.md (#2058) 2025-09-18 12:30:58 +09:00
Roland 7dfb3b35d8
docs: clarify NIP-47 zap request metadata (#2064) 2025-09-17 08:07:11 -04:00
Roland 400d975da3
feat: add metadata to NIP-47 make_invoice and payment commands (#2063) 2025-09-15 09:42:07 -07:00
Rosano e35a1bebbc
Quote values (#2057)
Co-authored-by: Vitor Pamplona <vitor@vitorpamplona.com>
2025-09-10 15:48:05 -04:00
RΞDKAZ⚡ 8b541fe8cd
Curation sets (kind-30005) should be regular event `e` tag and not `a`. (#2059) 2025-09-10 07:32:39 -03:00
Vitor Pamplona c3f92ca577
Deprecates NIP-96 (#2047) 2025-09-09 19:24:13 -03:00
AsaiToshiya 020609ed9f
standard -> common 2025-09-09 19:01:01 +09:00
Vitor Pamplona 5d81c9100e
Removing the idea of "Standard" Tags (#2055) 2025-09-08 15:25:05 -03:00
Yoji Shidara 3a126a51a6
Typos (#2054) 2025-09-07 06:04:01 -07:00
Vitor Pamplona 4c5d5fff99
Allow multi-user AUTH (#1881)
Co-authored-by: Leo Wandersleb <leo@leowandersleb.de>
2025-09-06 09:52:22 -03:00
SubatomicPlanets d6fe55a6ad
Fix weird list in NIP-99 (#2053) 2025-09-06 09:38:46 -03:00
Riccardo Balbo 7c4a2cb829
NIP-47: mark "state" field as optional in make_invoice response for backward compatibility (#2046) 2025-09-04 11:12:45 -04:00
Vitor Pamplona 3760a6e308
NIP-53 Text Refinements and formatting fixes (#2052) 2025-09-04 11:50:33 -03:00
Alex Gleason 8c45ff5d96
NIP-11: fix default_limit (#2049) 2025-09-02 22:39:19 -03:00
AsaiToshiya fd9c627b36
add NIP-EE kinds (#2044) 2025-08-28 23:15:52 +09:00
Jeff Gardner fe114c6473
Fix link to nostr_data_extension and clarify how to use exporter_secret with NIP-44 (#2043)
Co-authored-by: hodlbod <jstaab@protonmail.com>
2025-08-27 13:24:50 -07:00
Jeff Gardner 581452e845
Add NIP-EE: E2EE messaging using MLS (#1427) 2025-08-27 09:03:06 -07:00
Vitor Pamplona 1f4d6d1c46
NIP-51: Updates lists to NIP-44, deprecates NIP-04 (#2034) 2025-08-25 09:09:44 -07:00
AsaiToshiya 3f4c696f24
clean up B0. (#2039) 2025-08-22 16:20:13 -07:00
Oscar Merry 84e0b44f93
NIP-25: Add External Content Reactions (#2020) 2025-08-22 09:44:53 -07:00
Yoji Shidara 0d7c5ef0f8
NIP-61: Fix heading levels (#2030) 2025-08-19 09:12:04 -07:00
Yoji Shidara d5bfb6e848
NIP-72: Fix heading levels (#2031) 2025-08-19 09:11:55 -07:00
Yoji Shidara 38bc891e67
NIP-89: Fix heading levels (#2032) 2025-08-19 09:11:47 -07:00
Yoji Shidara c222f71102
NIP-60: Fix heading levels (#2029) 2025-08-19 09:11:40 -07:00
Yoji Shidara 68e5d0ada4
NIP-90: Fix heading levels (#2033) 2025-08-19 09:11:14 -07:00
Awiteb 4b14bf831f
nip34: Add `HEAD` tag to the README (#2017) 2025-08-18 11:11:50 -07:00
hodlbod 212f52a90a
Add kinds used by nostr epoxy (#1976)
Co-authored-by: Jon Staab <shtaab@gmail.com>
2025-08-18 10:32:18 -07:00
Yoji Shidara b333434223
NIP-54: Fix heading levels (#2021) 2025-08-18 10:18:08 -07:00
Yoji Shidara b1720f4fdc
NIP-55: Fix heading levels (#2022) 2025-08-18 10:17:27 -07:00
Yoji Shidara bc96d5f447
NIP-59: Fix heading levels (#2023) 2025-08-18 10:16:42 -07:00
Yoji Shidara 645986da49
README: Fix brackets to use references correctly (#2026) 2025-08-18 10:16:23 -07:00
Yoji Shidara 15a49873ea
NIP-38: Fix heading levels (#2015) 2025-08-13 09:52:51 -04:00
Yoji Shidara 0e91133320
Fix typos (#2014) 2025-08-13 21:26:30 +09:00
Yoji Shidara 252f746010
NIP-26: Fix typos (#2013) 2025-08-13 18:07:45 +09:00
Yoji Shidara 01c6bc9ea7
NIP-22: Fix typo (#2012) 2025-08-13 18:06:32 +09:00
Awiteb 7dec812f99
nip22: fix example type for external URL (#2011) 2025-08-11 17:26:05 -04:00
Yoji Shidara 739f3c5263
NIP-24: Fix heading levels (#2009) 2025-08-11 19:37:53 +09:00
Yoji Shidara 8830525250
NIP-21: Fix markup issue by closing backtick (#2008) 2025-08-11 19:35:36 +09:00
fiatjaf_ b224b0ecb8
include missing "k" tag in some reactions (#2001) 2025-08-04 17:31:37 -03:00
G!l ce130e504a
NIP-52: Add collaborative calendar event request (#1970) 2025-08-04 20:28:18 +00:00
hodlbod 0b45265a93
Clean up nip 66 (#1986)
Co-authored-by: Jon Staab <shtaab@gmail.com>
2025-08-04 15:47:20 +00:00
hodlbod e33f5cd38f
Add geocaching kinds (#1977)
Co-authored-by: Jon Staab <shtaab@gmail.com>
2025-08-01 19:39:33 +00:00
Adithya Vardhan 0595d438aa
NIP-47: add state to transactions (#1933) 2025-07-31 09:26:27 -04:00
Jeremy Klein f30a43bd37
[NWC] Add an encryption tag to negotiate upgrading to NIP44. (#1780)
Co-authored-by: Roland <33993199+rolznz@users.noreply.github.com>
2025-07-31 09:21:18 -04:00
DanConwayDev faba3f016d
NIP-34: `mention` marker ~> `q` tag NIP-10 update (#1998) 2025-07-31 08:43:14 -04:00
AsaiToshiya e6de76f76b
remove duplicate kind (#1995) 2025-07-29 15:28:29 -03:00
reis aefad1876b
nip25: remove duplicate (#1993) 2025-07-29 08:42:47 -03:00
Fabian 4984b057c2
Update audio format and waveform recommendation for NIP-A0: Voice Messages (#1990) 2025-07-27 16:23:50 -03:00
AsaiToshiya 9be455bf57
fix A0 nip number 2025-07-24 23:04:12 +09:00
Fabian e50f37a527
NIP-A0: Voice Messages (#1984) 2025-07-23 17:31:55 -03:00
AsaiToshiya 074b8eeb01
add kinds 10312, 30312 and 30313 (from nip53) 2025-07-19 01:17:44 +09:00
benthecarman 1afb6da049
NIP-87: Ecash Mint Discoverability (#1110)
Co-authored-by: Pablo Fernandez <pfer@me.com>
2025-07-16 12:13:09 +01:00
Giovanni d306f6b3f8
add peach bitcoin nip-69 implementation (#1961) 2025-07-12 18:04:35 +01:00
Alex Gleason 82fffa0580
NIP-72: use kind 1111 events for text notes (#1953) 2025-07-11 00:58:51 -04:00
fiatjaf_ 477e3dfd4d
add "mute" OK=false status for no-op ephemeral events (#1965) 2025-07-07 10:50:54 -03:00
fiatjaf 9afca6c4dc nip51: clarify kind:10012 description. 2025-07-03 19:45:38 -03:00
Gamma Markets 4eed6e8368
nip99 e-commerce use case extension (#1784) 2025-07-02 10:47:46 -07:00
Awiteb db3e3bddbe
nip34: change 'defaults' to 'is' in patch revision status description (#1964) 2025-07-02 08:15:12 -03:00
Awiteb 6f3926c5b2
nip-34: Improve readability (#1954)
Signed-off-by: Awiteb <a@4rs.nl>
2025-06-18 08:53:58 -07:00
Bitkarrot 223bbdc152
[NIP 53 Addendum] - Add Interactive Rooms, Meetings, and Live Presence. (#1789) 2025-06-11 11:22:18 -04:00
P. Reis 3430b8bf3d
replaceable -> addressable (#1948) 2025-06-03 15:37:00 -03:00
cavini 37bc37c95a
chore: fix typo (#1944) 2025-05-29 15:45:03 -07:00
Michael Dilger cddab6d244
Add NIP-77 to the README (#1939) 2025-05-27 07:48:23 -03:00
fiatjaf_ 569f55a90f
NIP-77: Negentropy syncing (#1494)
Co-authored-by: Doug Hoyte <doug@hcsw.org>
2025-05-26 23:13:50 -03:00
fiatjaf_ 9eb4a33049
Associating HTML documents to Nostr entities with `<link>` (#1897)
Co-authored-by: hodlbod <jstaab@protonmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Râu Cao <842+raucao@users.noreply.github.com>
2025-05-24 10:42:34 -03:00
hodlbod a6a2020933
Remove recommendation to map emoji reactions to like/dislike (#1486)
Co-authored-by: Jon Staab <shtaab@gmail.com>
2025-05-22 02:03:32 +02:00
hodlbod 509613b9fa
Add hints to nip 25 (#1702)
Co-authored-by: Jon Staab <shtaab@gmail.com>
2025-05-21 16:06:08 -07:00
Vincenzo Imperati 0c993526f0
Fix typo and clarify `limit` filter behavior in event queries (#1931) 2025-05-20 12:19:59 -07:00
Paulo Cunha 1c61ac29aa
Eliminate discrepancy between NIP description and example (#1927) 2025-05-18 03:05:06 +09:00
fiatjaf_ 553c1c77c0
simplify nip-52 (#1922) 2025-05-14 09:27:59 -03:00
fiatjaf_ 7555a93f90
remove mentions to uuids (#1920) 2025-05-13 08:01:06 -03:00
AsaiToshiya 873afc5fb8
add follow packs to README. 2025-05-09 20:07:23 +09:00
fiatjaf_ 564814ac7d
add follow packs to nip51 (#1898) 2025-05-08 22:51:09 -03:00
Cody Tseng ccd02f2612
NIP-51: favorite relays (#1848) 2025-05-08 22:50:12 -03:00
Vitor Pamplona ebfcd72a8d
Using yaml to fix NIP-01 JSON formatting (#1910) 2025-05-05 21:11:52 -03:00
Vitor Pamplona 86f0da716f
NIP-17 json formatting fix, text cleanup and more precise language (#1909) 2025-05-05 06:36:20 -07:00
Darrell 5b7d338200
fix typo nip-60 (#1901) 2025-05-01 16:34:37 +09:00
Awiteb 2ade2e6229
NIP-65: Add note about re-publishing kind 10002 (#1889)
Signed-off-by: Awiteb <a@4rs.nl>
Co-authored-by: hodlbod <jstaab@protonmail.com>
2025-04-30 13:41:45 -07:00
Alexander Lopatin 85f3282e46
Fix JSON format (#1896) 2025-04-29 08:28:46 -07:00
Vitor Pamplona 77fdeeb6f1
Deprecates NIP-26 (#1051) 2025-04-29 09:31:22 -03:00
Sepehr Safari b96b72b488
Add NIP-B0 Standardized Tags to README.md (#1895) 2025-04-29 21:21:27 +09:00
Sebastian Hagens 507830c5c4
Add kind 39701 web bookmarks to list of kinds in readme (#1891) 2025-04-25 12:32:49 -03:00
fiatjaf 473f651b3e uppercase B7 and B0. 2025-04-24 13:53:56 -03:00
fiatjaf 257e8700ea add B0 to index. 2025-04-24 13:52:59 -03:00
Sebastian Hagens 121258a611
adding more info / requirements for using kind 39701 for web bookmarks (NIP-B0) (#1849)
Co-authored-by: fiatjaf <fiatjaf@gmail.com>
2025-04-24 13:52:29 -03:00
fiatjaf_ 5a371a5b92
add B7 NIP for Blossom interaction (#1822) 2025-04-24 13:47:04 -03:00
Awiteb 4f09333ab5
Fix nips titles and descriptions (#1888)
Signed-off-by: Awiteb <a@4rs.nl>
2025-04-23 11:57:55 -07:00
Awiteb 8cdfe98e74
fix: Fix NIP-66 title and description format (#1886) 2025-04-23 09:31:08 -07:00
alltheseas 4ba28112e6
Update 11.md with privacy policy and terms of service (#1882) 2025-04-21 15:56:43 -03:00
fiatjaf_ 951aaa8ba1
nip7D: `subject` -> `title` (#1874) 2025-04-17 17:15:37 -03:00
William Casarin c076437282
Quoted highlights (#1438)
Signed-off-by: William Casarin <jb55@jb55.com>
2025-04-17 12:55:17 -03:00
fiatjaf_ 45f6d598a1
Shrink NIP-65 so it is clearer (#1879)
Co-authored-by: Vitor Pamplona <vitor@vitorpamplona.com>
2025-04-15 18:07:49 -03:00
k. 611b635186
nip-11: remove max filters, add max/default query limit, update example. (#1821) 2025-04-13 14:15:24 -03:00
Vitor Pamplona 55f96bbeef
Fixes C0 links (#1870) 2025-04-08 07:56:38 -07:00
hodlbod d5907d094b
Add note about re-publishing kind 10002 (#1801)
Co-authored-by: Jon Staab <shtaab@gmail.com>
2025-04-07 09:43:01 -07:00
Awiteb 3e8c33ee79
NIP-C0: Add `NIP-C0` tags to standardized tags table (#1865)
Co-authored-by: AsaiToshiya <to.asai.60@gmail.com>
2025-04-03 20:07:46 +09:00
fiatjaf 8f676dc0a5 nip73: bring back previous ordering. 2025-04-02 10:11:54 -03:00
Xavier Damman 67145a72b2
added blockchain transactions and addresses to NIP-73 (#1846) 2025-04-02 10:09:54 -03:00
AsaiToshiya 9821b0e999
Update README.md 2025-03-30 10:03:27 +09:00
mono ca9904f042
Add birth field to NIP-24 for birth date representation (#1793) 2025-03-30 09:31:03 +09:00
fiatjaf f901014065 rename 95 to C0. 2025-03-29 16:29:58 -03:00
Christian Chiarulli 7dad42c1cf
NIP-C0: Code snippets (#1852) 2025-03-29 16:29:33 -03:00
Vitor Pamplona 86fc82ce4a
Deprecates git replies in favor of NIP-22 (#1744) 2025-03-26 09:38:47 -03:00
46 changed files with 1778 additions and 727 deletions

11
01.md
View File

@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Each user has a keypair. Signatures, public key, and encodings are done accordin
The only object type that exists is the `event`, which has the following format on the wire:
```jsonc
```yaml
{
"id": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded sha256 of the serialized event data>,
"pubkey": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded public key of the event creator>,
@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ As a convention, all single-letter (only english alphabet letters: a-z, A-Z) key
### Kinds
Kinds specify how clients should interpret the meaning of each event and the other fields of each event (e.g. an `"r"` tag may have a meaning in an event of kind 1 and an entirely different meaning in an event of kind 10002). Each NIP may define the meaning of a set of kinds that weren't defined elsewhere. [NIP-10](10.md), for instance, especifies the `kind:1` text note for social media applications.
Kinds specify how clients should interpret the meaning of each event and the other fields of each event (e.g. an `"r"` tag may have a meaning in an event of kind 1 and an entirely different meaning in an event of kind 10002). Each NIP may define the meaning of a set of kinds that weren't defined elsewhere. [NIP-10](10.md), for instance, specifies the `kind:1` text note for social media applications.
This NIP defines one basic kind:
@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ Clients can send 3 types of messages, which must be JSON arrays, according to th
`<filtersX>` is a JSON object that determines what events will be sent in that subscription, it can have the following attributes:
```json
```yaml
{
"ids": <a list of event ids>,
"authors": <a list of lowercase pubkeys, the pubkey of an event must be one of these>,
@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ All conditions of a filter that are specified must match for an event for it to
A `REQ` message may contain multiple filters. In this case, events that match any of the filters are to be returned, i.e., multiple filters are to be interpreted as `||` conditions.
The `limit` property of a filter is only valid for the initial query and MUST be ignored afterwards. When `limit: n` is present it is assumed that the events returned in the initial query will be the last `n` events ordered by the `created_at`. Newer events should appear first, and in the case of ties the event with the lowest id (first in lexical order) should be first. It is safe to return less events than `limit` specifies, but it is expected that relays do not return (much) more events than requested so clients don't get unnecessarily overwhelmed by data.
The `limit` property of a filter is only valid for the initial query and MUST be ignored afterwards. When `limit: n` is present it is assumed that the events returned in the initial query will be the last `n` events ordered by the `created_at`. Newer events should appear first, and in the case of ties the event with the lowest id (first in lexical order) should be first. Relays SHOULD use the `limit` value to guide how many events are returned in the initial response. Returning fewer events is acceptable, but returning (much) more should be avoided to prevent overwhelming clients.
### From relay to client: sending events and notices
@ -170,8 +170,9 @@ This NIP defines no rules for how `NOTICE` messages should be sent or treated.
* `["OK", "b1a649ebe8...", false, "pow: difficulty 26 is less than 30"]`
* `["OK", "b1a649ebe8...", false, "restricted: not allowed to write."]`
* `["OK", "b1a649ebe8...", false, "error: could not connect to the database"]`
* `["OK", "b1a649ebe8...", false, "mute: no one was listening to your ephemeral event and it wasn't handled in any way, it was ignored"]`
- `CLOSED` messages MUST be sent in response to a `REQ` when the relay refuses to fulfill it. It can also be sent when a relay decides to kill a subscription on its side before a client has disconnected or sent a `CLOSE`. This message uses the same pattern of `OK` messages with the machine-readable prefix and human-readable message. Some examples:
* `["CLOSED", "sub1", "unsupported: filter contains unknown elements"]`
* `["CLOSED", "sub1", "error: could not connect to the database"]`
* `["CLOSED", "sub1", "error: shutting down idle subscription"]`
- The standardized machine-readable prefixes for `OK` and `CLOSED` are: `duplicate`, `pow`, `blocked`, `rate-limited`, `invalid`, `restricted`, and `error` for when none of that fits.
- The standardized machine-readable prefixes for `OK` and `CLOSED` are: `duplicate`, `pow`, `blocked`, `rate-limited`, `invalid`, `restricted`, `mute` and `error` for when none of that fits.

4
03.md
View File

@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ This NIP defines an event with `kind:1040` that can contain an [OpenTimestamps](
{
"kind": 1040
"tags": [
["e", <event-id>, <relay-url>],
["alt", "opentimestamps attestation"]
["e", <target-event-id>, <relay-url>],
["k", "<target-event-kind>"]
],
"content": <base64-encoded OTS file data>
}

129
11.md
View File

@ -20,7 +20,9 @@ When a relay receives an HTTP(s) request with an `Accept` header of `application
"contact": <administrative alternate contact>,
"supported_nips": <a list of NIP numbers supported by the relay>,
"software": <string identifying relay software URL>,
"version": <string version identifier>
"version": <string version identifier>,
"privacy_policy": <a link to a text file describing the relay's privacy policy>,
"terms_of_service": <a link to a text file describing the relay's term of service>,
}
```
@ -74,21 +76,30 @@ The relay server implementation MAY be provided in the `software` attribute. If
The relay MAY choose to publish its software version as a string attribute. The string format is defined by the relay implementation. It is recommended this be a version number or commit identifier.
### Privacy Policy
The relay owner/admin MAY choose to link to a privacy policy document, which describes how the relay utilizes user data. Data collection, data usage, data retention, monetization of data, and third party data sharing SHOULD be included.
### Terms of Service
The relay owner/admin MAY choose to link to a terms of service document.
Extra Fields
------------
### Server Limitations
These are limitations imposed by the relay on clients. Your client
should expect that requests which exceed these *practical* limitations
should expect that requests exceed these *practical* limitations
are rejected or fail immediately.
```jsonc
{
"limitation": {
"max_message_length": 16384,
"max_subscriptions": 20,
"max_filters": 100,
"max_subscriptions": 300,
"max_limit": 5000,
"max_subid_length": 100,
"max_event_tags": 100,
@ -98,33 +109,30 @@ are rejected or fail immediately.
"payment_required": true,
"restricted_writes": true,
"created_at_lower_limit": 31536000,
"created_at_upper_limit": 3
"created_at_upper_limit": 3,
"default_limit": 500
},
// other fields...
}
```
- `max_message_length`: this is the maximum number of bytes for incoming JSON that the relay
- `max_message_length`: the maximum number of bytes for incoming JSON that the relay
will attempt to decode and act upon. When you send large subscriptions, you will be
limited by this value. It also effectively limits the maximum size of any event. Value is
calculated from `[` to `]` and is after UTF-8 serialization (so some unicode characters
calculated from `[` to `]` after UTF-8 serialization (so some unicode characters
will cost 2-3 bytes). It is equal to the maximum size of the WebSocket message frame.
- `max_subscriptions`: total number of subscriptions that may be
active on a single websocket connection to this relay. It's possible
that authenticated clients with a (paid) relationship to the relay
active on a single websocket connection to this relay. Authenticated clients with a (paid) relationship to the relay
may have higher limits.
- `max_filters`: maximum number of filter values in each subscription.
Must be one or higher.
- `max_subid_length`: maximum length of subscription id as a string.
- `max_limit`: the relay server will clamp each filter's `limit` value to this number.
This means the client won't be able to get more than this number
of events from a single subscription filter. This clamping is typically done silently
by the relay, but with this number, you can know that there are additional results
if you narrowed your filter's time range or other parameters.
if you narrow your filter's time range or other parameters.
- `max_event_tags`: in any event, this is the maximum number of elements in the `tags` list.
@ -142,7 +150,7 @@ Even if set to False, authentication may be required for specific actions.
- `payment_required`: this relay requires payment before a new connection may perform any action.
- `restricted_writes`: this relay requires some kind of condition to be fulfilled in order to
- `restricted_writes`: this relay requires some kind of condition to be fulfilled to
accept events (not necessarily, but including `payment_required` and `min_pow_difficulty`).
This should only be set to `true` when users are expected to know the relay policy before trying
to write to it -- like belonging to a special pubkey-based whitelist or writing only events of
@ -152,6 +160,8 @@ a specific niche kind or content. Normal anti-spam heuristics, for example, do n
- `created_at_upper_limit`: 'created_at' upper limit
- `default_limit`: The maximum returned events if you send a filter without a `limit`.
### Event Retention
There may be a cost associated with storing data forever, so relays
@ -212,7 +222,7 @@ flexibility is up to the client software.
```
- `relay_countries`: a list of two-level ISO country codes (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2) whose
laws and policies may affect this relay. `EU` may be used for European Union countries.
laws and policies may affect this relay. `EU` may be used for European Union countries. A `*` can be used for global relays.
Remember that a relay may be hosted in a country which is not the
country of the legal entities who own the relay, so it's very
@ -237,7 +247,7 @@ To support this goal, relays MAY specify some of the following values.
- `language_tags` is an ordered list
of [IETF language tags](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IETF_language_tag) indicating
the major languages spoken on the relay.
the major languages spoken on the relay. A `*` can be used for global relays.
- `tags` is a list of limitations on the topics to be discussed.
For example `sfw-only` indicates that only "Safe For Work" content
@ -276,49 +286,82 @@ Relays that require payments may want to expose their fee schedules.
### Examples
As of 2 May 2023 the following command provided these results:
As of 25 March 2025 the following command provided these results:
```bash
$ curl -H "Accept: application/nostr+json" https://eden.nostr.land | jq
curl -H "Accept: application/nostr+json" https://jellyfish.land | jq
```
```json
{
"description": "nostr.land family of relays (us-or-01)",
"name": "nostr.land",
"pubkey": "52b4a076bcbbbdc3a1aefa3735816cf74993b1b8db202b01c883c58be7fad8bd",
"software": "custom",
"name": "JellyFish",
"description": "Stay Immortal!",
"banner": "https://image.nostr.build/7fdefea2dec1f1ec25b8ce69362566c13b2b7f13f1726c2e4584f05f64f62496.jpg",
"pubkey": "bf2bee5281149c7c350f5d12ae32f514c7864ff10805182f4178538c2c421007",
"contact": "hi@dezh.tech",
"software": "https://github.com/dezh-tech/immortal",
"supported_nips": [
1,
2,
4,
9,
11,
12,
16,
20,
22,
28,
33,
40
13,
17,
40,
42,
59,
62,
70
],
"version": "1.0.1",
"limitation": {
"payment_required": true,
"max_message_length": 65535,
"max_event_tags": 2000,
"max_subscriptions": 20,
"auth_required": false
},
"payments_url": "https://eden.nostr.land",
"version": "immortal - 0.0.9",
"relay_countries": [
"*"
],
"language_tags": [
"*"
],
"tags": [],
"posting_policy": "https://jellyfish.land/tos.txt",
"payments_url": "https://jellyfish.land/relay",
"icon": "https://image.nostr.build/2547e9ec4b23589e09bc7071e0806c3d4293f76284c58ff331a64bce978aaee8.jpg",
"retention": [],
"fees": {
"subscription": [
{
"amount": 2500000,
"unit": "msats",
"period": 2592000
"amount": 3000,
"period": 2628003,
"unit": "sats"
},
{
"amount": 8000,
"period": 7884009,
"unit": "sats"
},
{
"amount": 15000,
"period": 15768018,
"unit": "sats"
},
{
"amount": 28000,
"period": 31536036,
"unit": "sats"
}
]
},
"limitation": {
"auth_required": false,
"max_message_length": 70000,
"max_subid_length": 256,
"max_subscriptions": 350,
"min_pow_difficulty": 0,
"payment_required": true,
"restricted_writes": true,
"max_event_tags": 2000,
"max_content_length": 70000,
"created_at_lower_limit": 0,
"created_at_upper_limit": 2147483647,
"default_limit": 500,
"max_limit": 5000
}
}
```

79
17.md
View File

@ -15,17 +15,17 @@ Kind `14` is a chat message. `p` tags identify one or more receivers of the mess
```jsonc
{
"id": "<usual hash>",
  "pubkey": "<sender-pubkey>",
"pubkey": "<sender-pubkey>",
"created_at": "<current-time>",
  "kind": 14,
  "tags": [
    ["p", "<receiver-1-pubkey>", "<relay-url>"],
    ["p", "<receiver-2-pubkey>", "<relay-url>"],
    ["e", "<kind-14-id>", "<relay-url>"] // if this is a reply
"kind": 14,
"tags": [
["p", "<receiver-1-pubkey>", "<relay-url>"],
["p", "<receiver-2-pubkey>", "<relay-url>"],
["e", "<kind-14-id>", "<relay-url>"] // if this is a reply
["subject", "<conversation-title>"],
    // rest of tags...
  ],
  "content": "<message-in-plain-text>",
// rest of tags...
],
"content": "<message-in-plain-text>",
}
```
@ -65,21 +65,22 @@ Kind `14`s MUST never be signed. If it is signed, the message might leak to rela
}
```
Kind 15 is used for sending encrypted file event messages:
Kind `15` is used for sending encrypted file event messages:
- `file-type`: Specifies the MIME type of the attached file (e.g., `image/jpeg`, `audio/mpeg`, etc.).
- `encryption-algorithm`: Indicates the encryption algorithm used for encrypting the file. Supported algorithms may include `aes-gcm`, `chacha20-poly1305`,`aes-cbc` etc.
- `file-type`: Specifies the MIME type of the attached file (e.g., `image/jpeg`, `audio/mpeg`, etc.) before encryption.
- `encryption-algorithm`: Indicates the encryption algorithm used for encrypting the file. Supported algorithms: `aes-gcm`.
- `decryption-key`: The decryption key that will be used by the recipient to decrypt the file.
- `decryption-nonce`: The decryption nonce that will be used by the recipient to decrypt the file.
- `content`: The URL of the file (`<file-url>`).
- `x` containing the SHA-256 hexencoded string of the file.
- `size` (optional) size of file in bytes
- `dim` (optional) size of the file in pixels in the form `<width>x<height>`
- `x` containing the SHA-256 hexencoded string of the encrypted file.
- `ox` containing the SHA-256 hexencoded string of the file before encryption.
- `size` (optional) size of the encrypted file in bytes
- `dim` (optional) size in pixels in the form `<width>x<height>`
- `blurhash`(optional) the [blurhash](https://github.com/woltapp/blurhash) to show while the client is loading the file
- `thumb` (optional) URL of thumbnail with same aspect ratio (encrypted with the same key, nonce)
- `fallback` (optional) zero or more fallback file sources in case `url` fails
- `fallback` (optional) zero or more fallback file sources in case `url` fails (encrypted with the same key, nonce)
Just like kind 14, kind `15`s MUST never be signed.
Just like kind `14`, kind `15`s MUST never be signed.
## Chat Rooms
@ -87,34 +88,34 @@ The set of `pubkey` + `p` tags defines a chat room. If a new `p` tag is added or
Clients SHOULD render messages of the same room in a continuous thread.
An optional `subject` tag defines the current name/topic of the conversation. Any member can change the topic by simply submitting a new `subject` to an existing `pubkey` + `p`-tags room. There is no need to send `subject` in every message. The newest `subject` in the thread is the subject of the conversation.
An optional `subject` tag defines the current name/topic of the conversation. Any member can change the topic by simply submitting a new `subject` to an existing `pubkey` + `p` tags room. There is no need to send `subject` in every message. The newest `subject` in the chat room is the subject of the conversation.
## Encrypting
Following [NIP-59](59.md), the **unsigned** `kind:14` & `kind:15` chat messages must be sealed (`kind:13`) and then gift-wrapped (`kind:1059`) to each receiver and the sender individually.
```jsonc
```js
{
"id": "<usual hash>",
  "pubkey": randomPublicKey,
  "created_at": randomTimeUpTo2DaysInThePast(),
"pubkey": randomPublicKey,
"created_at": randomTimeUpTo2DaysInThePast(),
"kind": 1059, // gift wrap
  "tags": [
    ["p", receiverPublicKey, "<relay-url>"] // receiver
  ],
  "content": nip44Encrypt(
    {
"tags": [
["p", receiverPublicKey, "<relay-url>"] // receiver
],
"content": nip44Encrypt(
{
"id": "<usual hash>",
      "pubkey": senderPublicKey,
      "created_at": randomTimeUpTo2DaysInThePast(),
      "kind": 13, // seal
      "tags": [], // no tags
      "content": nip44Encrypt(unsignedKind14, senderPrivateKey, receiverPublicKey),
      "sig": "<signed by senderPrivateKey>"
    },
    randomPrivateKey, receiverPublicKey
  ),
  "sig": "<signed by randomPrivateKey>"
"pubkey": senderPublicKey,
"created_at": randomTimeUpTo2DaysInThePast(),
"kind": 13, // seal
"tags": [], // no tags
"content": nip44Encrypt(unsignedKind14, senderPrivateKey, receiverPublicKey),
"sig": "<signed by senderPrivateKey>"
},
randomPrivateKey, receiverPublicKey
),
"sig": "<signed by randomPrivateKey>"
}
```
@ -124,7 +125,7 @@ Clients MUST verify if pubkey of the `kind:13` is the same pubkey on the `kind:1
Clients SHOULD randomize `created_at` in up to two days in the past in both the seal and the gift wrap to make sure grouping by `created_at` doesn't reveal any metadata.
The gift wrap's `p`-tag can be the receiver's main pubkey or an alias key created to receive DMs without exposing the receiver's identity.
The gift wrap's `p` tag can be the receiver's main pubkey or an alias key created to receive DMs without exposing the receiver's identity.
Clients CAN offer disappearing messages by setting an `expiration` tag in the gift wrap of each receiver or by not generating a gift wrap to the sender's public key
@ -188,7 +189,7 @@ The two final GiftWraps, one to the receiver and the other to the sender, respec
"created_at":1703128320,
"kind":1059,
"tags":[
[ "p", "918e2da906df4ccd12c8ac672d8335add131a4cf9d27ce42b3bb3625755f0788"]
["p", "918e2da906df4ccd12c8ac672d8335add131a4cf9d27ce42b3bb3625755f0788"]
],
"content":"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",
"sig":"a3c6ce632b145c0869423c1afaff4a6d764a9b64dedaf15f170b944ead67227518a72e455567ca1c2a0d187832cecbde7ed478395ec4c95dd3e71749ed66c480"
@ -202,7 +203,7 @@ The two final GiftWraps, one to the receiver and the other to the sender, respec
"created_at":1702711587,
"kind":1059,
"tags":[
[ "p", "44900586091b284416a0c001f677f9c49f7639a55c3f1e2ec130a8e1a7998e1b"]
["p", "44900586091b284416a0c001f677f9c49f7639a55c3f1e2ec130a8e1a7998e1b"]
],
"content":"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",
"sig":"c94e74533b482aa8eeeb54ae72a5303e0b21f62909ca43c8ef06b0357412d6f8a92f96e1a205102753777fd25321a58fba3fb384eee114bd53ce6c06a1c22bab"

3
18.md
View File

@ -40,6 +40,5 @@ Since `kind 6` reposts are reserved for `kind 1` contents, we use `kind 16`
as a "generic repost", that can include any kind of event inside other than
`kind 1`.
`kind 16` reposts SHOULD contain a `k` tag with the stringified kind number
`kind 16` reposts SHOULD contain a `"k"` tag with the stringified kind number
of the reposted event as its value.

2
19.md
View File

@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ These are the possible bech32 prefixes with `TLV`:
- `nprofile`: a nostr profile
- `nevent`: a nostr event
- `naddr`: a nostr _replaceable event_ coordinate
- `naddr`: a nostr _addressable event_ coordinate
- `nrelay`: a nostr relay (deprecated)
These possible standardized `TLV` types are indicated here:

20
21.md
View File

@ -12,9 +12,27 @@ The scheme is `nostr:`.
The identifiers that come after are expected to be the same as those defined in [NIP-19](19.md) (except `nsec`).
## Examples
#### Examples
- `nostr:npub1sn0wdenkukak0d9dfczzeacvhkrgz92ak56egt7vdgzn8pv2wfqqhrjdv9`
- `nostr:nprofile1qqsrhuxx8l9ex335q7he0f09aej04zpazpl0ne2cgukyawd24mayt8gpp4mhxue69uhhytnc9e3k7mgpz4mhxue69uhkg6nzv9ejuumpv34kytnrdaksjlyr9p`
- `nostr:note1fntxtkcy9pjwucqwa9mddn7v03wwwsu9j330jj350nvhpky2tuaspk6nqc`
- `nostr:nevent1qqstna2yrezu5wghjvswqqculvvwxsrcvu7uc0f78gan4xqhvz49d9spr3mhxue69uhkummnw3ez6un9d3shjtn4de6x2argwghx6egpr4mhxue69uhkummnw3ez6ur4vgh8wetvd3hhyer9wghxuet5nxnepm`
### Linking HTML pages to Nostr entities
`<link>` tags with `rel="alternate"` can be used to associate webpages to Nostr events, in cases where the same content is served via the two mediums (for example, a web server that exposes Markdown articles both as HTML pages and as `kind:30023` events served under itself as a relay or through some other relay). For example:
```
<head>
<link rel="alternate" href="nostr:naddr1qqyrzwrxvc6ngvfkqyghwumn8ghj7enfv96x5ctx9e3k7mgzyqalp33lewf5vdq847t6te0wvnags0gs0mu72kz8938tn24wlfze6qcyqqq823cph95ag" />
</head>
```
Likewise, `<link>` tags with `rel="me"` or `rel="author"` can be used to assign authorship of webpages to Nostr profiles. For example:
```
<head>
<link rel="me" href="nostr:nprofile1qyxhwumn8ghj7mn0wvhxcmmvqyd8wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnhv4ehgetjde38gcewvdhk6qpq80cvv07tjdrrgpa0j7j7tmnyl2yr6yr7l8j4s3evf6u64th6gkwswpnfsn" />
</head>
```

56
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View File

@ -18,9 +18,9 @@ and `p` for the author of the parent item.
```jsonc
{
kind: 1111,
content: '<comment>',
tags: [
"kind": 1111,
"content": "<comment>",
"tags": [
// root scope: event addresses, event ids, or I-tags.
["<A, E, I>", "<address, id or I-value>", "<relay or web page hint>", "<root event's pubkey, if an E tag>"],
// the root item kind
@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ Tags `K` and `k` MUST be present to define the event kind of the root and the pa
`I` and `i` tags create scopes for hashtags, geohashes, URLs, and other external identifiers.
The possible values for `i` tags and `k` tags, when related to an extenal identity are listed on [NIP-73](73.md).
The possible values for `i` tags and `k` tags, when related to an external identity are listed on [NIP-73](73.md).
Their uppercase versions use the same type of values but relate to the root item instead of the parent one.
`q` tags MAY be used when citing events in the `.content` with [NIP-21](21.md).
@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ A comment on a blog post looks like this:
```jsonc
{
kind: 1111,
content: 'Great blog post!',
tags: [
"kind": 1111,
"content": "Great blog post!",
"tags": [
// top-level comments scope to event addresses or ids
["A", "30023:3c9849383bdea883b0bd16fece1ed36d37e37cdde3ce43b17ea4e9192ec11289:f9347ca7", "wss://example.relay"],
// the root kind
@ -91,9 +91,9 @@ A comment on a [NIP-94](94.md) file looks like this:
```jsonc
{
kind: 1111,
content: 'Great file!',
tags: [
"kind": 1111,
"content": "Great file!",
"tags": [
// top-level comments have the same scope and reply to addresses or ids
["E", "768ac8720cdeb59227cf95e98b66560ef03d8bc9a90d721779e76e68fb42f5e6", "wss://example.relay", "3721e07b079525289877c366ccab47112bdff3d1b44758ca333feb2dbbbbe5bb"],
// the root kind
@ -115,9 +115,9 @@ A reply to a comment looks like this:
```jsonc
{
kind: 1111,
content: 'This is a reply to "Great file!"',
tags: [
"kind": 1111,
"content": "This is a reply to \"Great file!\"",
"tags": [
// nip-94 file event id
["E", "768ac8720cdeb59227cf95e98b66560ef03d8bc9a90d721779e76e68fb42f5e6", "wss://example.relay", "fd913cd6fa9edb8405750cd02a8bbe16e158b8676c0e69fdc27436cc4a54cc9a"],
// the root kind
@ -138,18 +138,18 @@ A comment on a website's url looks like this:
```jsonc
{
kind: 1111,
content: 'Nice article!',
tags: [
"kind": 1111,
"content": "Nice article!",
"tags": [
// referencing the root url
["I", "https://abc.com/articles/1"],
// the root "kind": for an url, the kind is its domain
["K", "https://abc.com"],
// the root "kind": for an url
["K", "web"],
// the parent reference (same as root for top-level comments)
["i", "https://abc.com/articles/1"],
// the parent "kind": for an url, the kind is its domain
["k", "https://abc.com"]
// the parent "kind": for an url
["k", "web"]
]
// other fields
}
@ -159,11 +159,11 @@ A podcast comment example:
```jsonc
{
id: "80c48d992a38f9c445b943a9c9f1010b396676013443765750431a9004bdac05",
pubkey: "252f10c83610ebca1a059c0bae8255eba2f95be4d1d7bcfa89d7248a82d9f111",
kind: 1111,
content: "This was a great episode!",
tags: [
"id": "80c48d992a38f9c445b943a9c9f1010b396676013443765750431a9004bdac05",
"pubkey": "252f10c83610ebca1a059c0bae8255eba2f95be4d1d7bcfa89d7248a82d9f111",
"kind": 1111,
"content": "This was a great episode!",
"tags": [
// podcast episode reference
["I", "podcast:item:guid:d98d189b-dc7b-45b1-8720-d4b98690f31f", "https://fountain.fm/episode/z1y9TMQRuqXl2awyrQxg"],
// podcast episode type
@ -181,9 +181,9 @@ A reply to a podcast comment:
```jsonc
{
kind: 1111,
content: "I'm replying to the above comment.",
tags: [
"kind": 1111,
"content": "I'm replying to the above comment.",
"tags": [
// podcast episode reference
["I", "podcast:item:guid:d98d189b-dc7b-45b1-8720-d4b98690f31f", "https://fountain.fm/episode/z1y9TMQRuqXl2awyrQxg"],
// podcast episode type

14
24.md
View File

@ -8,8 +8,7 @@ Extra metadata fields and tags
This NIP keeps track of extra optional fields that can added to events which are not defined anywhere else but have become _de facto_ standards and other minor implementation possibilities that do not deserve their own NIP and do not have a place in other NIPs.
kind 0
======
### kind 0
These are extra fields not specified in NIP-01 that may be present in the stringified JSON of metadata events:
@ -17,25 +16,24 @@ These are extra fields not specified in NIP-01 that may be present in the string
- `website`: a web URL related in any way to the event author.
- `banner`: an URL to a wide (~1024x768) picture to be optionally displayed in the background of a profile screen.
- `bot`: a boolean to clarify that the content is entirely or partially the result of automation, such as with chatbots or newsfeeds.
- `birthday`: an object representing the author's birth date. The format is { "year": number, "month": number, "day": number }. Each field MAY be omitted.
### Deprecated fields
#### Deprecated fields
These are fields that should be ignored or removed when found in the wild:
- `displayName`: use `display_name` instead.
- `username`: use `name` instead.
kind 3
======
### kind 3
These are extra fields not specified in NIP-02 that may be present in the stringified JSON of follow events:
### Deprecated fields
#### Deprecated fields
- `{<relay-url>: {"read": <true|false>, "write": <true|false>}, ...}`: an object of relays used by a user to read/write. [NIP-65](65.md) should be used instead.
tags
====
### tags
These tags may be present in multiple event kinds. Whenever a different meaning is not specified by some more specific NIP, they have the following meanings:

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@ -7,38 +7,36 @@ Reactions
`draft` `optional`
A reaction is a `kind 7` event that is used to react to other events.
A reaction is a `kind 7` event that is used to indicate user reactions to other events. A
reaction's `content` field MUST include user-generated-content indicating the value of the
reaction (conventionally `+`, `-`, or an emoji).
The generic reaction, represented by the `content` set to a `+` string, SHOULD
be interpreted as a "like" or "upvote".
A reaction with `content` set to `+` or an empty string MUST be interpreted as a "like" or "upvote".
A reaction with `content` set to `-` MUST be interpreted as a "dislike" or "downvote".
A reaction with `content` set to `-` SHOULD be interpreted as a "dislike" or
"downvote". It SHOULD NOT be counted as a "like", and MAY be displayed as a
downvote or dislike on a post. A client MAY also choose to tally likes against
dislikes in a reddit-like system of upvotes and downvotes, or display them as
separate tallies.
The `content` MAY be an emoji, or [NIP-30](30.md) custom emoji in this case it MAY be interpreted as a "like" or "dislike",
or the client MAY display this emoji reaction on the post. If the `content` is an empty string then the client should
consider it a "+".
A reaction with `content` set to an emoji or [NIP-30](30.md) custom emoji SHOULD NOT be interpreted
as a "like" or "dislike". Clients MAY instead display this emoji reaction on the post.
Tags
----
There MUST be always an `e` tag set to the `id` of the event that is being reacted to. The `e` tag SHOULD include a relay hint pointing to a relay where the event being reacted to can be found. If a client decides to include other `e`, which not recommended, the target event `id` should be last of the `e` tags.
The SHOULD be a `p` tag set to the `pubkey` of the event being reacted to. If a client decides to include other `p` tags, which not recommended, the target event `pubkey` should be last the `p` tags.
There SHOULD be a `p` tag set to the `pubkey` of the event being reacted to. If a client decides to include other `p` tags, which not recommended, the target event `pubkey` should be last the `p` tags.
If the event being reacted to is an addressable event, an `a` SHOULD be included together with the `e` tag, it must be set to the coordinates (`kind:pubkey:d-tag`) of the event being reacted to.
The reaction SHOULD include a `k` tag with the stringified kind number of the reacted event as its value.
The `e` and `a` tags SHOULD include relay and pubkey hints. The `p` tags SHOULD include relay hints.
The reaction event MAY include a `k` tag with the stringified kind number of the reacted event as its value.
**Example code**
```swift
func make_like_event(pubkey: String, privkey: String, liked: NostrEvent) -> NostrEvent {
tags.append(["e", liked.id, liked.source_relays.first ?? ""])
tags.append(["p", liked.pubkey])
func make_like_event(pubkey: String, privkey: String, liked: NostrEvent, hint: String) -> NostrEvent {
var tags: [[String]] = []
tags.append(["e", liked.id, hint, liked.pubkey])
tags.append(["p", liked.pubkey, hint])
tags.append(["k", String(liked.kind)])
let ev = NostrEvent(content: "+", pubkey: pubkey, kind: 7, tags: tags)
ev.calculate_id()
@ -47,25 +45,39 @@ func make_like_event(pubkey: String, privkey: String, liked: NostrEvent) -> Nost
}
```
Reactions to a website
External Content Reactions
---------------------
If the target of the reaction is a website, the reaction MUST be a `kind 17` event and MUST include an `r` tag with the website's URL.
If the target of a reaction is not a native nostr event, the reaction MUST be a `kind 17` event and MUST include [NIP-73](73.md) external content `k` + `i` tags to properly reference the content.
_Reacting to a website:_
```jsonc
{
"kind": 17,
"content": "⭐",
"tags": [
["r", "https://example.com/"]
["k", "web"],
["i", "https://example.com"]
],
// other fields...
}
```
URLs SHOULD be [normalized](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-6), so that reactions to the same website are not omitted from queries.
A fragment MAY be attached to the URL, to react to a section of the page.
It should be noted that a URL with a fragment is not considered to be the same URL as the original.
_Reacting to a podcast episode:_
```jsonc
{
"kind": 17,
"content": "+",
"tags": [
["k", "podcast:guid"],
["i", "podcast:guid:917393e3-1b1e-5cef-ace4-edaa54e1f810", "https://fountain.fm/show/QRT0l2EfrKXNGDlRrmjL"],
["k", "podcast:item:guid"],
["i", "podcast:item:guid:PC20-229", "https://fountain.fm/episode/DQqBg5sD3qFGMCZoSuLF"]
],
}
```
Custom Emoji Reaction
---------------------

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@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
> __Warning__ `unrecommended`: adds unnecessary burden for little gain
NIP-26
=======

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@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ An optional source of truth for the state of branches and tags in a repository.
"kind": 30618,
"content": "",
"tags": [
["d", "<repo-id>"], // matches the identifier in the coresponding repository announcement
["d", "<repo-id>"], // matches the identifier in the corresponding repository announcement
["refs/<heads|tags>/<branch-or-tag-name>","<commit-id>"]
["HEAD", "ref: refs/heads/<branch-name>"]
]
@ -70,9 +70,9 @@ The `refs` tag can be optionally extended to enable clients to identify how many
Patches can be sent by anyone to any repository. Patches to a specific repository SHOULD be sent to the relays specified in that repository's announcement event's `"relays"` tag. Patch events SHOULD include an `a` tag pointing to that repository's announcement address.
Patches in a patch set SHOULD include a NIP-10 `e` `reply` tag pointing to the previous patch.
Patches in a patch set SHOULD include a [NIP-10](10.md) `e` `reply` tag pointing to the previous patch.
The first patch revision in a patch revision SHOULD include a NIP-10 `e` `reply` to the original root patch.
The first patch revision in a patch revision SHOULD include a [NIP-10](10.md) `e` `reply` to the original root patch.
```jsonc
{
@ -125,24 +125,7 @@ Issues may have a `subject` tag, which clients can utilize to display a header.
## Replies
Replies are also Markdown text. The difference is that they MUST be issued as replies to either a `kind:1621` _issue_ or a `kind:1617` _patch_ event. The threading of replies and patches should follow NIP-10 rules.
```jsonc
{
"kind": 1622,
"content": "<markdown text>",
"tags": [
["a", "30617:<base-repo-owner-pubkey>:<base-repo-id>", "<relay-url>"],
["e", "<issue-or-patch-id-hex>", "", "root"],
// other "e" and "p" tags should be applied here when necessary, following the threading rules of NIP-10
["p", "<patch-author-pubkey-hex>", "", "mention"],
["e", "<previous-reply-id-hex>", "", "reply"],
// rest of tags...
],
// other fields...
}
```
Replies to either a `kind:1621` (_issue_) or a `kind:1617` (_patch_) event should follow [NIP-22 comment](22.md).
## Status
@ -167,7 +150,7 @@ Root Patches and Issues have a Status that defaults to 'Open' and can be set by
["r", "<earliest-unique-commit-id-of-repo>"]
// optional for `1631` status
["e", "<applied-or-merged-patch-event-id>", "", "mention"], // for each
["q", "<applied-or-merged-patch-event-id>", "<relay-url>", "<pubkey>"], // for each
// when merged
["merge-commit", "<merge-commit-id>"]
["r", "<merge-commit-id>"]
@ -178,9 +161,9 @@ Root Patches and Issues have a Status that defaults to 'Open' and can be set by
}
```
The Status event with the largest created_at date is valid.
The most recent Status event (by `created_at` date) from either the issue/patch author or a maintainer is considered valid.
The Status of a patch-revision defaults to either that of the root-patch, or `1632` (Closed) if the root-patch's Status is `1631` and the patch-revision isn't tagged in the `1631` event.
The Status of a patch-revision is to either that of the root-patch, or `1632` (_Closed_) if the root-patch's Status is `1631` (_Applied/Merged_) and the patch-revision isn't tagged in the `1631` (_Applied/Merged_) event.
## Possible things to be added later

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@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ The status MAY include an `r`, `p`, `e` or `a` tag linking to a URL, profile, no
The `content` MAY include emoji(s), or [NIP-30](30.md) custom emoji(s). If the `content` is an empty string then the client should clear the status.
# Client behavior
## Client behavior
Clients MAY display this next to the username on posts or profiles to provide live user status information.
# Use Cases
## Use Cases
* Calendar nostr apps that update your general status when you're in a meeting
* Nostr Nests that update your general status with a link to the nest when you join

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@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ And, when sent by clients, the following form:
["AUTH", <signed-event-json>]
```
Clients MAY provide signed events from multiple pubkeys in a sequence of `AUTH` messages. Relays MUST treat all pubkeys as authenticated accordingly.
`AUTH` messages sent by clients MUST be answered with an `OK` message, like any `EVENT` message.
### Canonical authentication event
@ -69,7 +71,9 @@ relay: ["AUTH", "<challenge>"]
client: ["REQ", "sub_1", {"kinds": [4]}]
relay: ["CLOSED", "sub_1", "auth-required: we can't serve DMs to unauthenticated users"]
client: ["AUTH", {"id": "abcdef...", ...}]
client: ["AUTH", {"id": "abcde2...", ...}]
relay: ["OK", "abcdef...", true, ""]
relay: ["OK", "abcde2...", true, ""]
client: ["REQ", "sub_1", {"kinds": [4]}]
relay: ["EVENT", "sub_1", {...}]
relay: ["EVENT", "sub_1", {...}]

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@ -28,15 +28,16 @@ Fundamentally NWC is communication between a **client** and **wallet service** b
4. Once the payment is complete the **wallet service** will send an encrypted `response` (kind 23195) to the **user** over the relay(s) in the URI.
5. The **wallet service** may send encrypted notifications (kind 23196) of wallet events (such as a received payment) to the **client**.
5. The **wallet service** may send encrypted notifications (kind 23197 or 23196) of wallet events (such as a received payment) to the **client**.
## Events
There are four event kinds:
- `NIP-47 info event`: 13194
- `NIP-47 request`: 23194
- `NIP-47 response`: 23195
- `NIP-47 notification event`: 23196
- `NIP-47 notification event`: 23197 (23196 for backwards compatibility with NIP-04)
### Info Event
@ -46,34 +47,71 @@ The content should be a plaintext string with the supported capabilities space-s
If the **wallet service** supports notifications, the info event SHOULD contain a `notifications` tag with the supported notification types space-separated, eg. `payment_received payment_sent`.
It should also contain supported encryption modes as described in the [Encryption](#encryption) section. For example:
```jsonc
{
"kind": 13194,
"tags": [
["encryption", "nip44_v2 nip04"], // List of supported encryption schemes as described in the Encryption section.
["notifications", "payment_received payment_sent"]
// ...
],
"content": "pay_invoice get_balance make_invoice lookup_invoice list_transactions get_info notifications",
// ...
}
```
### Request and Response Events
Both the request and response events SHOULD contain one `p` tag, containing the public key of the **wallet service** if this is a request, and the public key of the **client** if this is a response. The response event SHOULD contain an `e` tag with the id of the request event it is responding to.
Optionally, a request can have an `expiration` tag that has a unix timestamp in seconds. If the request is received after this timestamp, it should be ignored.
The content of requests and responses is encrypted with [NIP04](04.md), and is a JSON-RPCish object with a semi-fixed structure:
The content of requests and responses is encrypted with [NIP44](44.md), and is a JSON-RPCish object with a semi-fixed structure.
Request:
```jsonc
**Important note for backwards-compatibility:** The initial version of the protocol used [NIP04](04.md). If a **wallet service** or client app does not include the `encryption` tag in the
`info` or request events, it should be assumed that the connection is using NIP04 for encryption. See the [Encryption](#encryption) section for more information.
Example request:
```js
{
"method": "pay_invoice", // method, string
"params": { // params, object
"invoice": "lnbc50n1..." // command-related data
}
"kind" 23194,
"tags": [
["encryption", "nip44_v2"],
["p", "03..." ] // public key of the wallet service.
// ...
],
"content": nip44_encrypt({ // Encryption type corresponds to the `encryption` tag.
"method": "pay_invoice", // method, string
"params": { // params, object
"invoice": "lnbc50n1..." // command-related data
}
}),
}
```
Response:
```jsonc
Example response:
```js
{
"result_type": "pay_invoice", //indicates the structure of the result field
"error": { //object, non-null in case of error
"code": "UNAUTHORIZED", //string error code, see below
"message": "human readable error message"
},
"result": { // result, object. null in case of error.
"preimage": "0123456789abcdef..." // command-related data
}
"kind" 23195,
"tags": [
["p", "03..." ] // public key of the requesting client app
["e", "1234"] // id of the request event this is responding to
// ...
],
"content": nip44_encrypt({ // Encrypted using the scheme requested by the client.
"result_type": "pay_invoice", //indicates the structure of the result field
"error": { //object, non-null in case of error
"code": "UNAUTHORIZED", //string error code, see below
"message": "human readable error message"
},
"result": { // result, object. null in case of error.
"preimage": "0123456789abcdef..." // command-related data
}
})
// ...
}
```
@ -83,9 +121,9 @@ If the command was successful, the `error` field must be null.
### Notification Events
The notification event SHOULD contain one `p` tag, the public key of the **client**.
The notification event is a kind 23197 event SHOULD contain one `p` tag, the public key of the **client**.
The content of notifications is encrypted with [NIP04](04.md), and is a JSON-RPCish object with a semi-fixed structure:
The content of notifications is encrypted with [NIP44](44.md) (or NIP-04 for legacy client apps), and is a JSON-RPCish object with a semi-fixed structure:
```jsonc
{
@ -96,6 +134,7 @@ The content of notifications is encrypted with [NIP04](04.md), and is a JSON-RPC
}
```
_Note on backwards-compatibility:_ If a **wallet service** supports both nip44 and nip04 for legacy client apps, it should publish both notification events for each notification - kind 23196 encrypted with NIP-04, and kind 23197 encrypted with NIP-44. It is up to the **client** to decide which event to listen to based on its supported encryption and declared supported encryption schemes of the **wallet service** in the `info` event.
### Error codes
- `RATE_LIMITED`: The client is sending commands too fast. It should retry in a few seconds.
@ -105,6 +144,7 @@ The content of notifications is encrypted with [NIP04](04.md), and is a JSON-RPC
- `RESTRICTED`: This public key is not allowed to do this operation.
- `UNAUTHORIZED`: This public key has no wallet connected.
- `INTERNAL`: An internal error.
- `UNSUPPORTED_ENCRYPTION`: The encryption type of the request is not supported by the wallet service.
- `OTHER`: Other error.
## Nostr Wallet Connect URI
@ -148,6 +188,7 @@ Request:
"params": {
"invoice": "lnbc50n1...", // bolt11 invoice
"amount": 123, // invoice amount in msats, optional
"metadata": {} // generic metadata that can be used to add things like zap/boostagram details for a payer name/comment/etc, optional
}
}
```
@ -177,7 +218,7 @@ Request:
"params": {
"invoices": [
{"id":"4da52c32a1", "invoice": "lnbc1...", "amount": 123}, // bolt11 invoice and amount in msats, amount is optional
{"id":"3da52c32a1", "invoice": "lnbc50n1..."},
{"id":"3da52c32a1", "invoice": "lnbc50n1...", "metadata": {} }, // generic metadata that can be used to add things like zap/boostagram details for a payer name/comment/etc, optional
],
}
}
@ -284,7 +325,8 @@ Request:
"amount": 123, // value in msats
"description": "string", // invoice's description, optional
"description_hash": "string", // invoice's description hash, optional
"expiry": 213 // expiry in seconds from time invoice is created, optional
"expiry": 213, // expiry in seconds from time invoice is created, optional
"metadata": {} // generic metadata that can be used to add things like zap/boostagram details for a payer name/comment/etc, optional
}
}
```
@ -295,6 +337,7 @@ Response:
"result_type": "make_invoice",
"result": {
"type": "incoming", // "incoming" for invoices, "outgoing" for payments
"state": "pending", // optional
"invoice": "string", // encoded invoice, optional
"description": "string", // invoice's description, optional
"description_hash": "string", // invoice's description hash, optional
@ -328,6 +371,7 @@ Response:
"result_type": "lookup_invoice",
"result": {
"type": "incoming", // "incoming" for invoices, "outgoing" for payments
"state": "pending", // can be "pending", "settled", "expired" (for invoices) or "failed" (for payments), optional
"invoice": "string", // encoded invoice, optional
"description": "string", // invoice's description, optional
"description_hash": "string", // invoice's description hash, optional
@ -376,6 +420,7 @@ Response:
"transactions": [
{
"type": "incoming", // "incoming" for invoices, "outgoing" for payments
"state": "pending", // can be "pending", "settled", "expired" (for invoices) or "failed" (for payments), optional
"invoice": "string", // encoded invoice, optional
"description": "string", // invoice's description, optional
"description_hash": "string", // invoice's description hash, optional
@ -452,6 +497,7 @@ Notification:
"notification_type": "payment_received",
"notification": {
"type": "incoming",
"state": "settled", // optional
"invoice": "string", // encoded invoice
"description": "string", // invoice's description, optional
"description_hash": "string", // invoice's description hash, optional
@ -477,6 +523,7 @@ Notification:
"notification_type": "payment_sent",
"notification": {
"type": "outgoing",
"state": "settled", // optional
"invoice": "string", // encoded invoice
"description": "string", // invoice's description, optional
"description_hash": "string", // invoice's description hash, optional
@ -499,9 +546,106 @@ Notification:
2. **wallet service** verifies that the author's key is authorized to perform the payment, decrypts the payload and sends the payment.
3. **wallet service** responds to the event by sending an event with kind `23195` and content being a response either containing an error message or a preimage.
## Encryption
The initial version of NWC used [NIP-04](04.md) for encryption which has been deprecated and replaced by [NIP-44](44.md). NIP-44 should always be preferred for encryption, but there may be legacy cases
where the **wallet service** or **client** has not yet migrated to NIP-44. The **wallet service** and **client** should negotiate the encryption method to use based on the `encryption` tag in the `info` event.
The encryption tag can contain either `nip44_v2` or `nip04`. The absence of this tag implies that the wallet only supports `nip04`.
| Encryption code | Use | Notes |
|-----------------|----------------------|---------------------------------------------------------|
| `nip44_v2` | NIP-44 | Required |
| `nip04` | NIP-04 | Deprecated and only here for backward compatibility |
| `<not present>` | NIP-04 | Deprecated and only here for backward compatibility |
The negotiation works as follows.
1. The **wallet service** includes an `encryption` tag in the `info` event. This tag contains a space-separated list of encryption schemes that the **wallet service** supports (eg. `nip44_v2 nip04`)
2. The **client application** includes an `encryption` tag in each request event. This tag contains the encryption scheme which should be used for the request. The **client application** should always prefer nip44 if supported by the **wallet service**.
### Info event
First, the **wallet service** adds an `encryption` tag to its `info` event containing a space-separated list of encryption schemes it supports. For example,
if a wallet service supports nip44, but also allows backwards-compatibility to nip04 client applications, its `encryption` tag in the `info` event might look something like:
```jsonc
{
"kind": 13194,
"tags": [
["encryption", "nip44_v2 nip04"],
// ...
],
"content": "pay_invoice get_balance make_invoice lookup_invoice list_transactions get_info",
// ...
}
```
When a **client application** establishes a connection, it should read the info event and look for the `encryption` tag.
**Absence of this tag implies that the wallet only supports nip04.**
If the `encryption` tag is present, the **client application** will choose optimal encryption supported by both itself, and the **wallet service**, which should always be nip44 if possible.
### Request events
When a **client application** sends a request event, it should include a `encryption` tag with the encryption scheme it is using. The scheme MUST be supported by the **wallet service** as indicated by the info event.
For example, if the client application supports nip44, the request event might look like:
```jsonc
{
"kind": 23194,
"tags": [
["encryption", "nip44_v2"],
// ...
],
// ...
}
```
If the **wallet service** does not support the specified encryption scheme, it will return an `UNSUPPORTED_ENCRYPTION` error. Absence of the `encryption` tag indicates use of nip04 for encryption.
### Notification events
As described above in the [Notifications](#notifications) section, if a **wallet service** supports both nip04 and nip44, it should publish two notification events for each notification - kind 23196 encrypted with NIP-04, and kind 23197 encrypted with NIP-44. If the **wallet service** only supports nip44, it should only publish kind 23197 events.
The **client** should check the `encryption` tag in the `info` event to determine which encryption schemes the **wallet service** supports, and listen to the appropriate notification event.
## Using a dedicated relay
This NIP does not specify any requirements on the type of relays used. However, if the user is using a custodial service it might make sense to use a relay that is hosted by the custodial service. The relay may then enforce authentication to prevent metadata leaks. Not depending on a 3rd party relay would also improve reliability in this case.
## Metadata
Metadata MAY be stored by the **wallet service** alongside invoices and payments. The metadata MUST be no more than 4096 characters, otherwise MUST be dropped. This is to ensure transactions do not get too large to be relayed.
NWC relays SHOULD allow at least a payload size of 64KB and **clients** SHOULD fetch small page sizes (maximum of 20 transactions per page) otherwise there is risk of `list_transactions` responses being rejected.
Here are some properties that are recognized by some NWC clients:
```jsonc
{
"comment": "string", // LUD-12 comment
"payer_data": {
"email": "string",
"name": "string",
"pubkey": "string",
}, // LUD-18 payer data
"recipient_data": {
"identifier": "string"
}, // similar to LUD-18 payer data, but to record recipient data e.g. the lightning address of the recipient
"nostr": {
"pubkey": "string",
"tags": [],
// ... rest of zap request event
}, // NIP-57 Zap Request event (kind 9734)
"tlv_records": [
{
"type": 5482373484, // tlv type
"value": "0123456789abcdef" // hex encoded tlv value
}
] // keysend TLV records (e.g. for podcasting 2.0 boostagrams)
} & Record<string, unknown>;
```
## Appendix
### Example NIP-47 info event
@ -513,6 +657,7 @@ This NIP does not specify any requirements on the type of relays used. However,
"created_at": 1713883677,
"kind": 13194,
"tags": [
[ "encryption", "nip44_v2 nip04" ],
[
"notifications",
"payment_received payment_sent"

18
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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Lists
This NIP defines lists of things that users can create. Lists can contain references to anything, and these references can be **public** or **private**.
Public items in a list are specified in the event `tags` array, while private items are specified in a JSON array that mimics the structure of the event `tags` array, but stringified and encrypted using the same scheme from [NIP-04](04.md) (the shared key is computed using the author's public and private key) and stored in the `.content`.
Public items in a list are specified in the event `tags` array, while private items are specified in a JSON array that mimics the structure of the event `tags` array, but stringified and encrypted using the same scheme from [NIP-44](44.md) (the shared key is computed using the author's public and private key) and stored in the `.content`. An earlier version of this specification used [NIP-04](04.md) for encryptions. Those are now deprecated. For backward compatibility, Clients can automatically discover if the encryption is NIP-04 or NIP-44 by searching for "iv" in the ciphertext and decrypting accordingly.
When new items are added to an existing list, clients SHOULD append them to the end of the list, so they are stored in chronological order.
@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ For example, _mute list_ can contain the public keys of spammers and bad actors
| name | kind | description | expected tag items |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Follow list | 3 | microblogging basic follow list, see [NIP-02](02.md) | `"p"` (pubkeys -- with optional relay hint and petname) |
| Mute list | 10000 | things the user doesn't want to see in their feeds | `"p"` (pubkeys), `"t"` (hashtags), `"word"` (lowercase string), `"e"` (threads) |
| Pinned notes | 10001 | events the user intends to showcase in their profile page | `"e"` (kind:1 notes) |
| Read/write relays | 10002 | where a user publishes to and where they expect mentions | see [NIP-65](65.md) |
@ -31,7 +32,9 @@ For example, _mute list_ can contain the public keys of spammers and bad actors
| Blocked relays | 10006 | relays clients should never connect to | `"relay"` (relay URLs) |
| Search relays | 10007 | relays clients should use when performing search queries | `"relay"` (relay URLs) |
| Simple groups | 10009 | [NIP-29](29.md) groups the user is in | `"group"` ([NIP-29](29.md) group id + relay URL + optional group name), `"r"` for each relay in use |
| Relay feeds | 10012 | user favorite browsable relays (and relay sets) | `"relay"` (relay URLs) and `"a"` (kind:30002 relay set) |
| Interests | 10015 | topics a user may be interested in and pointers | `"t"` (hashtags) and `"a"` (kind:30015 interest set) |
| Media follows | 10020 | multimedia (photos, short video) follow list | `"p"` (pubkeys -- with optional relay hint and petname) |
| Emojis | 10030 | user preferred emojis and pointers to emoji sets | `"emoji"` (see [NIP-30](30.md)) and `"a"` (kind:30030 emoji set) |
| DM relays | 10050 | Where to receive [NIP-17](17.md) direct messages | `"relay"` (see [NIP-17](17.md)) |
| Good wiki authors | 10101 | [NIP-54](54.md) user recommended wiki authors | `"p"` (pubkeys) |
@ -51,12 +54,15 @@ Aside from their main identifier, the `"d"` tag, sets can optionally have a `"ti
| Relay sets | 30002 | user-defined relay groups the user can easily pick and choose from during various operations | `"relay"` (relay URLs) |
| Bookmark sets | 30003 | user-defined bookmarks categories , for when bookmarks must be in labeled separate groups | `"e"` (kind:1 notes), `"a"` (kind:30023 articles), `"t"` (hashtags), `"r"` (URLs) |
| Curation sets | 30004 | groups of articles picked by users as interesting and/or belonging to the same category | `"a"` (kind:30023 articles), `"e"` (kind:1 notes) |
| Curation sets | 30005 | groups of videos picked by users as interesting and/or belonging to the same category | `"a"` (kind:21 videos) |
| Curation sets | 30005 | groups of videos picked by users as interesting and/or belonging to the same category | `"e"` (kind:21 videos) |
| Kind mute sets | 30007 | mute pubkeys by kinds<br>`"d"` tag MUST be the kind string | `"p"` (pubkeys) |
| Interest sets | 30015 | interest topics represented by a bunch of "hashtags" | `"t"` (hashtags) |
| Emoji sets | 30030 | categorized emoji groups | `"emoji"` (see [NIP-30](30.md)) |
| Release artifact sets | 30063 | group of artifacts of a software release | `"e"` (kind:1063 [file metadata](94.md) events), `"a"` (software application event) |
| App curation sets | 30267 | references to multiple software applications | `"a"` (software application event) |
| Calendar | 31924 | a set of events categorized in any way | `"a"` (calendar event event) |
| Starter packs | 39089 | a named set of profiles to be shared around with the goal of being followed together | `"p"` (pubkeys) |
| Media starter packs | 39092 | same as above, but specific to multimedia (photos, short video) clients | `"p"` (pubkeys) |
### Deprecated standard lists
@ -98,9 +104,9 @@ Some clients have used these lists in the past, but they should work on transiti
"kind": 30004,
"tags": [
["d", "jvdy9i4"],
["name", "Yaks"],
["picture", "https://cdn.britannica.com/40/188540-050-9AC748DE/Yak-Himalayas-Nepal.jpg"],
["about", "The domestic yak, also known as the Tartary ox, grunting ox, or hairy cattle, is a species of long-haired domesticated cattle found throughout the Himalayan region of the Indian subcontinent, the Tibetan Plateau, Gilgit-Baltistan, Tajikistan and as far north as Mongolia and Siberia."],
["title", "Yaks"],
["image", "https://cdn.britannica.com/40/188540-050-9AC748DE/Yak-Himalayas-Nepal.jpg"],
["description", "The domestic yak, also known as the Tartary ox, grunting ox, or hairy cattle, is a species of long-haired domesticated cattle found throughout the Himalayan region of the Indian subcontinent, the Tibetan Plateau, Gilgit-Baltistan, Tajikistan and as far north as Mongolia and Siberia."],
["a", "30023:26dc95542e18b8b7aec2f14610f55c335abebec76f3db9e58c254661d0593a0c:95ODQzw3ajNoZ8SyMDOzQ"],
["a", "30023:54af95542e18b8b7aec2f14610f55c335abebec76f3db9e58c254661d0593a0c:1-MYP8dAhramH9J5gJWKx"],
["a", "30023:f8fe95542e18b8b7aec2f14610f55c335abebec76f3db9e58c254661d0593a0c:D2Tbd38bGrFvU0bIbvSMt"],
@ -159,6 +165,6 @@ val private_items = [
["p", "07caba282f76441955b695551c3c5c742e5b9202a3784780f8086fdcdc1da3a9"],
["a", "a55c15f5e41d5aebd236eca5e0142789c5385703f1a7485aa4b38d94fd18dcc4"],
]
val base64blob = nip04.encrypt(json.encode_to_string(private_items))
val base64blob = nip44.encrypt(json.encode_to_string(private_items))
event.content = base64blob
```

136
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@ -12,63 +12,71 @@ Unlike the term `calendar event` specific to this NIP, the term `event` is used
## Calendar Events
There are two types of calendar events represented by different kinds: date-based and time-based calendar events. Calendar events are not required to be part of a [calendar](#calendar).
There are two types of calendar events represented by different kinds: _date-based_ and _time-based_ calendar events.
### Date-Based Calendar Event
These tags are common to both types of calendar events:
This kind of calendar event starts on a date and ends before a different date in the future. Its use is appropriate for all-day or multi-day events where time and time zone hold no significance. e.g., anniversary, public holidays, vacation days.
#### Format
The format uses an _addressable event_ of `kind:31922`.
The `.content` of these events should be a detailed description of the calendar event. It is required but can be an empty string.
The list of tags are as follows:
* `d` (required) universally unique identifier (UUID). Generated by the client creating the calendar event.
* `d` (required) a short unique string identifier. Generated by the client creating the calendar event.
* `title` (required) title of the calendar event
* `start` (required) inclusive start date in ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD). Must be less than `end`, if it exists.
* `end` (optional) exclusive end date in ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD). If omitted, the calendar event ends on the same date as `start`.
* `summary` (optional) brief description of the calendar event
* `image` (optional) url of an image to use for the event
* `location` (optional, repeated) location of the calendar event. e.g. address, GPS coordinates, meeting room name, link to video call
* `g` (optional) [geohash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geohash) to associate calendar event with a searchable physical location
* `p` (optional, repeated) 32-bytes hex pubkey of a participant, optional recommended relay URL, and participant's role in the meeting
* `t` (optional, repeated) hashtag to categorize calendar event
* `r` (optional, repeated) references / links to web pages, documents, video calls, recorded videos, etc.
* `a` (repeated) reference tag to kind `31924` calendar event requesting to be included in Calendar
The following tags are deprecated:
* `name` name of the calendar event. Use only if `title` is not available.
```jsonc
Calendar events are _not_ required to be part of a [calendar](#calendar).
## Collaborative Calendar Event Requests
Calendar events can include an `a` tag referencing a calendar (kind 31924) to request addition to that calendar. When a calendar event includes such a reference, clients should interpret this as a request to add the event to the referenced calendar by referencing it with an `a` tag.
This enables collaborative calendar management where multiple users can contribute events to calendars they do not own, subject to the calendar owner's approval.
### Date-Based Calendar Event
This kind of calendar event starts on a date and ends before a different date in the future. Its use is appropriate for all-day or multi-day events where time and time zone hold no significance. e.g., anniversary, public holidays, vacation days.
It's an _addressable event_ of `kind:31922`.
The `.content` of these events SHOULD be a description of the calendar event.
Aside from the common tags, this also takes the following tags:
* `start` (required) inclusive start date in ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD). Must be less than `end`, if it exists.
* `end` (optional) exclusive end date in ISO 8601 format (YYYY-MM-DD). If omitted, the calendar event ends on the same date as `start`.
Example:
```yaml
{
"id": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded SHA-256 of the the serialized event data>,
"pubkey": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded public key of the event creator>,
"created_at": <Unix timestamp in seconds>,
"created_at": <unix timestamp in seconds>,
"kind": 31922,
"content": "<description of calendar event>",
"tags": [
["d", "<UUID>"],
["d", "<random-identifier>"],
["title", "<title of calendar event>"],
// Dates
// dates
["start", "<YYYY-MM-DD>"],
["end", "<YYYY-MM-DD>"],
// Location
// location
["location", "<location>"],
["g", "<geohash>"],
// Participants
// participants
["p", "<32-bytes hex of a pubkey>", "<optional recommended relay URL>", "<role>"],
["p", "<32-bytes hex of a pubkey>", "<optional recommended relay URL>", "<role>"],
// Hashtags
["t", "<tag>"],
["t", "<tag>"],
// Reference links
["r", "<url>"],
["r", "<url>"]
]
}
```
@ -77,97 +85,70 @@ The following tags are deprecated:
This kind of calendar event spans between a start time and end time.
#### Format
It's an _addressable event_ of `kind:31923`.
The format uses an _addressable event_ kind `31923`.
The `.content` of these events should be a description of the calendar event. It is required but can be an empty string.
The `.content` of these events should be a detailed description of the calendar event. It is required but can be an empty string.
Aside from the common tags, this also takes the following tags:
The list of tags are as follows:
* `d` (required) universally unique identifier (UUID). Generated by the client creating the calendar event.
* `title` (required) title of the calendar event
* `start` (required) inclusive start Unix timestamp in seconds. Must be less than `end`, if it exists.
* `end` (optional) exclusive end Unix timestamp in seconds. If omitted, the calendar event ends instantaneously.
* `start_tzid` (optional) time zone of the start timestamp, as defined by the IANA Time Zone Database. e.g., `America/Costa_Rica`
* `end_tzid` (optional) time zone of the end timestamp, as defined by the IANA Time Zone Database. e.g., `America/Costa_Rica`. If omitted and `start_tzid` is provided, the time zone of the end timestamp is the same as the start timestamp.
* `summary` (optional) brief description of the calendar event
* `image` (optional) url of an image to use for the event
* `location` (optional, repeated) location of the calendar event. e.g. address, GPS coordinates, meeting room name, link to video call
* `g` (optional) [geohash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geohash) to associate calendar event with a searchable physical location
* `p` (optional, repeated) 32-bytes hex pubkey of a participant, optional recommended relay URL, and participant's role in the meeting
* `l` (optional, repeated) label to categorize calendar event. e.g. `audiospace` to denote a scheduled event from a live audio space implementation such as cornychat.com
* `t` (optional, repeated) hashtag to categorize calendar event
* `r` (optional, repeated) references / links to web pages, documents, video calls, recorded videos, etc.
The following tags are deprecated:
* `name` name of the calendar event. Use only if `title` is not available.
```jsonc
```yaml
{
"id": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded SHA-256 of the the serialized event data>,
"pubkey": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded public key of the event creator>,
"created_at": <Unix timestamp in seconds>,
"created_at": <unix timestamp in seconds>,
"kind": 31923,
"content": "<description of calendar event>",
"tags": [
["d", "<UUID>"],
["d", "<random-identifier>"],
["title", "<title of calendar event>"],
["summary", "<brief description of the calendar event>"],
["image", "<string with image URI>"],
// Timestamps
["start", "<Unix timestamp in seconds>"],
["end", "<Unix timestamp in seconds>"],
// timestamps
["start", "<unix timestamp in seconds>"],
["end", "<unix timestamp in seconds>"],
["start_tzid", "<IANA Time Zone Database identifier>"],
["end_tzid", "<IANA Time Zone Database identifier>"],
// Location
// location
["location", "<location>"],
["g", "<geohash>"],
// Participants
// participants
["p", "<32-bytes hex of a pubkey>", "<optional recommended relay URL>", "<role>"],
["p", "<32-bytes hex of a pubkey>", "<optional recommended relay URL>", "<role>"],
// Labels (example using com.cornychat namespace denoting the event as an audiospace)
["L", "com.cornychat"],
["l", "audiospace", "com.cornychat"],
// Hashtags
["t", "<tag>"],
["t", "<tag>"],
// Reference links
["r", "<url>"],
["r", "<url>"]
]
}
```
## Calendar
A calendar is a collection of calendar events, represented as a custom replaceable list event using kind `31924`. A user can have multiple calendars. One may create a calendar to segment calendar events for specific purposes. e.g., personal, work, travel, meetups, and conferences.
A calendar is a collection of calendar events, represented as a custom _addressable list_ event using kind `31924`. A user can have multiple calendars. One may create a calendar to segment calendar events for specific purposes. e.g., personal, work, travel, meetups, and conferences.
### Format
Calendars can accept event requests from other users. When calendar events reference a calendar via an `a` tag, this represents a request for inclusion.
The `.content` of these events should be a detailed description of the calendar. It is required but can be an empty string.
The format uses a custom replaceable list of kind `31924` with a list of tags as described below:
* `d` (required) universally unique identifier. Generated by the client creating the calendar.
* `title` (required) calendar title
* `a` (repeated) reference tag to kind `31922` or `31923` calendar event being responded to
```json
```yaml
{
"id": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded SHA-256 of the the serialized event data>,
"pubkey": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded public key of the event creator>,
"created_at": <Unix timestamp in seconds>,
"created_at": <unix timestamp in seconds>,
"kind": 31924,
"content": "<description of calendar>",
"tags": [
["d", "<UUID>"],
["d", "<random-identifier>"],
["title", "<calendar title>"],
["a", "<31922 or 31923>:<calendar event author pubkey>:<d-identifier of calendar event>", "<optional relay url>"],
["a", "<31922 or 31923>:<calendar event author pubkey>:<d-identifier of calendar event>", "<optional relay url>"]
@ -191,13 +172,12 @@ The RSVP MUST have an `a` tag of the event coordinates to the calendar event, an
The RSVP MAY tag the author of the calendar event it is in response to using a `p` tag so that clients can easily query all RSVPs that pertain to the author.
### Format
The format uses an _addressable event_ kind `31925`.
The RSVP is an _addressable event_ of `kind:31925`.
The `.content` of these events is optional and should be a free-form note that adds more context to this calendar event response.
The list of tags are as follows:
The list of tags is as follows:
* `a` (required) coordinates to a kind `31922` or `31923` calendar event being responded to.
* `e` (optional) event id of a kind `31922` or `31923` calendar event being responded to.
* `d` (required) universally unique identifier. Generated by the client creating the calendar event RSVP.
@ -205,17 +185,17 @@ The list of tags are as follows:
* `fb` (optional) `free` or `busy`. Determines if the user would be free or busy for the duration of the calendar event. This tag must be omitted or ignored if the `status` label is set to `declined`.
* `p` (optional) pubkey of the author of the calendar event being responded to.
```json
```yaml
{
"id": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded SHA-256 of the the serialized event data>,
"pubkey": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded public key of the event creator>,
"created_at": <Unix timestamp in seconds>,
"created_at": <unix timestamp in seconds>,
"kind": 31925,
"content": "<note>",
"tags": [
["e", "<kind 31922 or 31923 event id", "<optional recommended relay URL>"]
["a", "<31922 or 31923>:<calendar event author pubkey>:<d-identifier of calendar event>", "<optional recommended relay URL>"],
["d", "<UUID>"],
["d", "<random-identifier>"],
["status", "<accepted/declined/tentative>"],
["fb", "<free/busy>"],
["p", "<hex pubkey of kind 31922 or 31923 event>", "<optional recommended relay URL>"]

162
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@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ Live Activities
`draft` `optional`
Service providers want to offer live activities to the Nostr network in such a way that participants can easily log and query by clients. This NIP describes a general framework to advertise the involvement of pubkeys in such live activities.
This NIP introduces event kinds to advertise live spaces and the participation of pubkeys in them.
## Concepts
## Live Streaming
### Live Event
A special event with `kind:30311` "Live Streaming Event" is defined as an _addressable event_ whose tags advertise the content and participants of a live stream.
A special event with `kind:30311` "Live Event" is defined as an _addressable event_ of public `p` tags. Each `p` tag SHOULD have a **displayable** marker name for the current role (e.g. `Host`, `Speaker`, `Participant`) of the user in the event and the relay information MAY be empty. This event will be constantly updated as participants join and leave the activity.
Each `p` tag SHOULD have a **displayable** marker name for the current role (e.g. `Host`, `Speaker`, `Participant`) of the user in the event and the relay information MAY be empty. This event will be constantly updated as participants join and leave the activity.
For example:
@ -63,13 +63,13 @@ This feature is important to avoid malicious event owners adding large account h
### Live Chat Message
Event `kind:1311` is live chat's channel message. Clients MUST include the `a` tag of the activity. An `e` tag denotes the direct parent message this post is replying to.
Event `kind:1311` is live chat's channel message. Clients MUST include the `a` tag of the activity. An `e` tag denotes the direct parent message this post is replying to.
```jsonc
{
"kind": 1311,
"tags": [
["a", "30311:<Community event author pubkey>:<d-identifier of the community>", "<Optional relay url>", "root"],
["a", "30311:<Community event author pubkey>:<d-identifier of the community>", "<Optional relay url>"],
],
"content": "Zaps to live streams is beautiful.",
// other fields...
@ -84,13 +84,9 @@ Event `kind:1311` is live chat's channel message. Clients MUST include the `a` t
Hosts may choose to pin one or more live chat messages by updating the `pinned` tags in the live event kind `30311`.
## Use Cases
### Examples
Common use cases include meeting rooms/workshops, watch-together activities, or event spaces, such as [zap.stream](https://zap.stream).
## Example
### Live Streaming
#### Live Streaming
```json
{
@ -114,7 +110,7 @@ Common use cases include meeting rooms/workshops, watch-together activities, or
}
```
### Live Streaming chat message
#### Live Streaming chat message
```json
{
@ -129,3 +125,143 @@ Common use cases include meeting rooms/workshops, watch-together activities, or
"sig": "997f62ddfc0827c121043074d50cfce7a528e978c575722748629a4137c45b75bdbc84170bedc723ef0a5a4c3daebf1fef2e93f5e2ddb98e5d685d022c30b622"
}
```
## Meeting Spaces
Meeting spaces contain one or more video/audio rooms where users can join and participate in the streaming.
### Meeting Space Event (kind:30312)
A special event with `kind:30312` "Space Host" defines the configuration and properties of a virtual interactive space. Each space has a unique identifier and can host multiple events/meetings.
```jsonc
{
"kind": 30312,
"tags": [
["d", "<unique identifier>"], // Required: Room identifier
["room", "<name of the room>"], // Required: Display name
["summary", "<description>"], // Optional: Room description
["image", "<preview image url>"], // Optional: Room image
["status", "<open, private, closed>"], // Required: Room accessibility
["service", "<url>"], // Required: URL to access the room
["endpoint", "<url>"], // Optional: API endpoint for status/info
["t", "<hashtag>"], // Optional: Multiple hashtags allowed
["p", "<pubkey>", "<url>", "<role>", "<proof>"], // Required: At least one provider
["relays", "<url>", "<url>", /*...*/] // Optional: Preferred relays
],
"content": "" // Usually empty, may contain additional metadata
}
```
Space properties:
* MUST be either open, private or closed. Closed means the room is not in operation.
* MAY specify access control policy for private rooms (e.g. invite-only, payment required)
* MAY persist when not in use
* MUST have at least one provider with "Host" role
* MAY have multiple providers with different roles
Provider roles (p tags):
* Host: Full room management capabilities
* Moderator: Room moderation capabilities
* Speaker: Allowed to present/speak
* Optional proof field for role verification
### Meeting Room Events (kind:30313)
A special event with kind:30313 represents a scheduled or ongoing meeting within a room. It MUST reference its parent room using the d tag.
```jsonc
{
"kind": 30313,
"tags": [
["d", "<event-unique-identifier>"], // Required: Event identifier
["a", "30312:<pubkey>:<room-id>", "wss://nostr.example.com"], // Required: Reference to parent space, 'd' from 30312
["title", "<meeting-title>"], // Required: Meeting title
["summary", "<description>"], // Optional: Meeting description
["image", "<preview image url>"], // Optional: Meeting image
["starts", "<unix timestamp>"], // Required: Start time
["ends", "<unix timestamp>"], // Optional: End time
["status", "<planned, live, ended>"], // Required: Meeting status
["total_participants", "<number>"], // Optional: Total registered
["current_participants", "<number>"], // Optional: Currently active
["p", "<pubkey>", "<url>", "<role>"], // Optional: Participant with role
],
"content": "" // Usually empty, may contain additional metadata
}
```
Event properties:
* MUST reference parent room via d tag
* MUST have a status (planned/live/ended)
* MUST have a start time
* MAY track participant counts
* MAY include participant roles specific to the event
Event management:
* Clients SHOULD update event status regularly when live
* Events without updates for 1 hour MAY be considered ended
* starts and ends timestamps SHOULD be updated when status changes
### Examples
#### Meeting Space (kind:30312)
```jsonc
{
"kind": 30312,
"tags": [
["d", "main-conference-room"],
["room", "Main Conference Hall"],
["summary", "Our primary conference space"],
["image", "https://example.com/room.jpg"],
["status", "open"],
["service", "https://meet.example.com/room"],
["endpoint", "https://api.example.com/room"],
["t", "conference"],
["p", "f7234bd4c1394dda46d09f35bd384dd30cc552ad5541990f98844fb06676e9ca", "wss://nostr.example.com/", "Owner"],
["p", "14aeb..8dad4", "wss://provider2.com/", "Moderator"],
["relays", "wss://relay1.com", "wss://relay2.com"]
],
"content": ""
}
```
#### Meeting room (kind:30313)
```jsonc
{
"kind": 30313,
"tags": [
["d", "annual-meeting-2025"],
["a", "30312:f7234bd4c1394dda46d09f35bd384dd30cc552ad5541990f98844fb06676e9ca:main-conference-room", "wss://nostr.example.com"]
["title", "Annual Company Meeting 2025"],
["summary", "Yearly company-wide meeting"],
["image", "https://example.com/meeting.jpg"],
["starts", "1676262123"],
["ends", "1676269323"],
["status", "live"],
["total_participants", "180"],
["current_participants", "175"],
["p", "91cf9..4e5ca", "wss://provider1.com/", "Speaker"],
],
"content": ""
}
```
### Room Presence
New `kind: 10312` provides an event which signals presence of a listener.
The presence event SHOULD be updated at regular intervals and clients SHOULD filter presence events older than
a given time window.
**This kind `10312` is a regular replaceable event, as such presence can only be indicated in one room at a time.**
```json
{
"kind": 10312,
"tags": [
["a" , "<room-a-tag>", "<relay-hint>", "root"],
["hand", "1"] // hand raised flag
]
}
```

26
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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ This NIP defines `kind:30818` (an _addressable event_) for descriptions (or ency
Articles are identified by lowercase, normalized ascii `d` tags.
### Articles
## Articles
```json
{
"content": "A wiki is a hypertext publication collaboratively edited and managed by its own audience.",
@ -21,12 +21,12 @@ Articles are identified by lowercase, normalized ascii `d` tags.
}
```
### `d` tag normalization rules
## `d` tag normalization rules
- Any non-letter character MUST be converted to a `-`.
- All letters MUST be converted to lowercase.
### Content
## Content
The `content` should be Asciidoc with two extra functionalities: **wikilinks** and **nostr:...** links.
@ -39,26 +39,25 @@ Wikilinks can take these two forms:
`nostr:...` links, as per [NIP-21](21.md), should link to profiles or arbitrary Nostr events. Although it is not recommended to link to specific versions of articles -- instead the _wikilink_ syntax should be preferred, since it should be left to the reader and their client to decide what version of any given article they want to read.
### Optional extra tags
## Optional extra tags
- `title`: for when the display title should be different from the `d` tag.
- `summary`: for display in lists.
- `a` and `e`: for referencing the original event a wiki article was forked from.
### Merge Requests
## Merge Requests
Event `kind:818` represents a request to merge from a forked article into the source. It is directed to a pubkey and references the original article and the modified event.
[INSERT EVENT EXAMPLE]
### Redirects
## Redirects
Event `kind:30819` is also defined to stand for "wiki redirects", i.e. if one thinks `Shell structure` should redirect to `Thin-shell structure` they can issue one of these events instead of replicating the content. These events can be used for automatically redirecting between articles on a client, but also for generating crowdsourced "disambiguation" pages ([common in Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Disambiguation)).
[INSERT EVENT EXAMPLE]
How to decide what article to display
-------------------------------------
## How to decide what article to display
As there could be many articles for each given name, some kind of prioritization must be done by clients. Criteria for this should vary between users and clients, but some means that can be used are described below:
@ -78,26 +77,23 @@ As there could be many articles for each given name, some kind of prioritization
[NIP-51](51.md) lists can also be used to create a list of users that are trusted only in the context of wiki authorship or wiki curationship.
Forks
---------
## Forks
Wiki-events can tag other wiki-events with a `fork` marker to specify that this event came from a different version. Both `a` and `e` tags SHOULD be used and have the `fork` marker applied, to identify the exact version it was forked from.
Deference
---------
## Deference
Wiki-events can tag other wiki-events with a `defer` marker to indicate that it considers someone else's entry as a "better" version of itself. If using a `defer` marker both `a` and `e` tags SHOULD be used.
This is a stronger signal of trust than a `+` reaction.
This marker is useful when a user edits someone else's entry; if the original author includes the editor's changes and the editor doesn't want to keep/maintain an independent version, the `link` tag could effectively be a considered a "deletion" of the editor's version and putting that pubkey's WoT weight behind the original author's version.
Why Asciidoc?
-------------
## Why Asciidoc?
Wikitext is [garbage](nostr:nevent1qqsqt0gcggry60n72uglhuhypdlmr2dm6swjj69jex5v530gcpazlzsprpmhxue69uhhyetvv9ujumn0wdmksetjv5hxxmmdqy28wumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnyv9kh2uewd9hsygpm7rrrljungc6q0tuh5hj7ue863q73qlheu4vywtzwhx42a7j9n5ueneex) and Markdown is not powerful enough (besides being too freeform and unspecified and prone to generate incompatibilities in the future).
Asciidoc has a strict spec, multiple implementations in many languages, and support for features that are very much necessary in a wiki article, like _sidebars_, _tables_ (with rich markup inside cells), many levels of _headings_, _footnotes_, _superscript_ and _subscript_ markup and _description lists_. It is also arguably easier to read in its plaintext format than Markdown (and certainly much better than Wikitext).
# Appendix 1: Merge requests
## Appendix 1: Merge requests
Users can request other users to get their entries merged into someone else's entry by creating a `kind:818` event.
```json

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Android Signer Application
This NIP describes a method for 2-way communication between an Android signer and any Nostr client on Android. The Android signer is an Android Application and the client can be a web client or an Android application.
# Usage for Android applications
## Usage for Android applications
The Android signer uses Intents (to accept/reject permissions manually) and Content Resolvers (to accept/reject permissions automatically in background if the user allowed it) to communicate between applications.
@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ fun isExternalSignerInstalled(context: Context): Boolean {
}
```
## Using Intents
### Using Intents
To get the result back from the Signer Application you should use `registerForActivityResult` or `rememberLauncherForActivityResult` in Kotlin. If you are using another framework check the documentation of your framework or a third party library to get the result.
@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ Signer MUST answer multiple permissions with an array of results
val results = listOf(
Result(
package = signerPackageName,
result = eventSignture,
result = eventSignature,
id = intentId
)
)
@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ Send the Intent:
launcher.launch(intent)
```
### Methods
#### Methods
- **get_public_key**
- params:
@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ launcher.launch(intent)
val id = intent.data?.getStringExtra("id")
```
## Using Content Resolver
### Using Content Resolver
To get the result back from Signer Application you should use contentResolver.query in Kotlin. If you are using another framework check the documentation of your framework or a third party library to get the result.
@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ For the other types Signer Application returns the column "result"
If the user chose to always reject the event, signer application will return the column "rejected" and you should not open signer application
### Methods
#### Methods
- **get_public_key**
- params:
@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ If the user chose to always reject the event, signer application will return the
}
```
# Usage for Web Applications
## Usage for Web Applications
You should consider using [NIP-46: Nostr Connect](46.md) for a better experience for web applications. When using this approach, the web app can't call the signer in the background, so the user will see a popup for every event you try to sign.
@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ You can configure the `returnType` to be **signature** or **event**.
Android intents and browser urls have limitations, so if you are using the `returnType` of **event** consider using the parameter **compressionType=gzip** that will return "Signer1" + Base64 gzip encoded event json
## Methods
### Methods
- **get_public_key**
- params:
@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ Android intents and browser urls have limitations, so if you are using the `retu
window.href = `nostrsigner:${eventJson}?compressionType=none&returnType=signature&type=decrypt_zap_event&callbackUrl=https://example.com/?event=`;
```
## Example
### Example
```js
<!DOCTYPE html>

7
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@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Having lightning receipts on nostr allows clients to display lightning payments
## Protocol flow
1. Client calculates a recipient's lnurl pay request url from the `zap` tag on the event being zapped (see Appendix G), or by decoding their lud06 or lud16 field on their profile according to the [lnurl specifications](https://github.com/lnurl/luds). The client MUST send a GET request to this url and parse the response. If `allowsNostr` exists and it is `true`, and if `nostrPubkey` exists and is a valid BIP 340 public key in hex, the client should associate this information with the user, along with the response's `callback`, `minSendable`, and `maxSendable` values.
1. Client calculates a recipient's lnurl pay request url from the `zap` tag on the event being zapped (see Appendix G), or by decoding their lud16 field on their profile according to the [lnurl specifications](https://github.com/lnurl/luds). The client MUST send a GET request to this url and parse the response. If `allowsNostr` exists and it is `true`, and if `nostrPubkey` exists and is a valid BIP 340 public key in hex, the client should associate this information with the user, along with the response's `callback`, `minSendable`, and `maxSendable` values.
2. Clients may choose to display a lightning zap button on each post or on a user's profile. If the user's lnurl pay request endpoint supports nostr, the client SHOULD use this NIP to request a `zap receipt` rather than a normal lnurl invoice.
3. When a user (the "sender") indicates they want to send a zap to another user (the "recipient"), the client should create a `zap request` event as described in Appendix A of this NIP and sign it.
4. Instead of publishing the `zap request`, the `9734` event should instead be sent to the `callback` url received from the lnurl pay endpoint for the recipient using a GET request. See Appendix B for details and an example.
@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ In addition, the event MAY include the following tags:
- `e` is an optional hex-encoded event id. Clients MUST include this if zapping an event rather than a person.
- `a` is an optional event coordinate that allows tipping addressable events such as NIP-23 long-form notes.
- `k` is the stringified kind of the target event.
Example:
@ -49,7 +50,8 @@ Example:
["amount", "21000"],
["lnurl", "lnurl1dp68gurn8ghj7um5v93kketj9ehx2amn9uh8wetvdskkkmn0wahz7mrww4excup0dajx2mrv92x9xp"],
["p", "04c915daefee38317fa734444acee390a8269fe5810b2241e5e6dd343dfbecc9"],
["e", "9ae37aa68f48645127299e9453eb5d908a0cbb6058ff340d528ed4d37c8994fb"]
["e", "9ae37aa68f48645127299e9453eb5d908a0cbb6058ff340d528ed4d37c8994fb"],
["k", "1"]
],
"pubkey": "97c70a44366a6535c145b333f973ea86dfdc2d7a99da618c40c64705ad98e322",
"created_at": 1679673265,
@ -151,6 +153,7 @@ Example `zap receipt`:
["p", "32e1827635450ebb3c5a7d12c1f8e7b2b514439ac10a67eef3d9fd9c5c68e245"],
["P", "97c70a44366a6535c145b333f973ea86dfdc2d7a99da618c40c64705ad98e322"],
["e", "3624762a1274dd9636e0c552b53086d70bc88c165bc4dc0f9e836a1eaf86c3b8"],
["k", "1"],
["bolt11", "lnbc10u1p3unwfusp5t9r3yymhpfqculx78u027lxspgxcr2n2987mx2j55nnfs95nxnzqpp5jmrh92pfld78spqs78v9euf2385t83uvpwk9ldrlvf6ch7tpascqhp5zvkrmemgth3tufcvflmzjzfvjt023nazlhljz2n9hattj4f8jq8qxqyjw5qcqpjrzjqtc4fc44feggv7065fqe5m4ytjarg3repr5j9el35xhmtfexc42yczarjuqqfzqqqqqqqqlgqqqqqqgq9q9qxpqysgq079nkq507a5tw7xgttmj4u990j7wfggtrasah5gd4ywfr2pjcn29383tphp4t48gquelz9z78p4cq7ml3nrrphw5w6eckhjwmhezhnqpy6gyf0"],
["description", "{\"pubkey\":\"97c70a44366a6535c145b333f973ea86dfdc2d7a99da618c40c64705ad98e322\",\"content\":\"\",\"id\":\"d9cc14d50fcb8c27539aacf776882942c1a11ea4472f8cdec1dea82fab66279d\",\"created_at\":1674164539,\"sig\":\"77127f636577e9029276be060332ea565deaf89ff215a494ccff16ae3f757065e2bc59b2e8c113dd407917a010b3abd36c8d7ad84c0e3ab7dab3a0b0caa9835d\",\"kind\":9734,\"tags\":[[\"e\",\"3624762a1274dd9636e0c552b53086d70bc88c165bc4dc0f9e836a1eaf86c3b8\"],[\"p\",\"32e1827635450ebb3c5a7d12c1f8e7b2b514439ac10a67eef3d9fd9c5c68e245\"],[\"relays\",\"wss://relay.damus.io\",\"wss://nostr-relay.wlvs.space\",\"wss://nostr.fmt.wiz.biz\",\"wss://relay.nostr.bg\",\"wss://nostr.oxtr.dev\",\"wss://nostr.v0l.io\",\"wss://brb.io\",\"wss://nostr.bitcoiner.social\",\"ws://monad.jb55.com:8080\",\"wss://relay.snort.social\"]]}"],
["preimage", "5d006d2cf1e73c7148e7519a4c68adc81642ce0e25a432b2434c99f97344c15f"]

28
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@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ This NIP *does not* define any messaging protocol. Applications of this NIP shou
This NIP relies on [NIP-44](./44.md)'s versioned encryption algorithms.
# Overview
## Overview
This protocol uses three main concepts to protect the transmission of a target event: `rumor`s, `seal`s, and `gift wrap`s.
@ -29,13 +29,13 @@ This allows the isolation of concerns across layers:
- A seal identifies the author without revealing the content or the recipient.
- A gift wrap can add metadata (recipient, tags, a different author) without revealing the true author.
# Protocol Description
## Protocol Description
## 1. The Rumor Event Kind
### 1. The Rumor Event Kind
A `rumor` is the same thing as an unsigned event. Any event kind can be made a `rumor` by removing the signature.
## 2. The Seal Event Kind
### 2. The Seal Event Kind
A `seal` is a `kind:13` event that wraps a `rumor` with the sender's regular key. The `seal` is **always** encrypted
to a receiver's pubkey but there is no `p` tag pointing to the receiver. There is no way to know who the rumor is for
@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ without the receiver's or the sender's private key. The only public information
Tags MUST always be empty in a `kind:13`. The inner event MUST always be unsigned.
## 3. Gift Wrap Event Kind
### 3. Gift Wrap Event Kind
A `gift wrap` event is a `kind:1059` event that wraps any other event. `tags` SHOULD include any information
needed to route the event to its intended recipient, including the recipient's `p` tag or [NIP-13](13.md) proof of work.
@ -72,12 +72,12 @@ needed to route the event to its intended recipient, including the recipient's `
}
```
# Encrypting Payloads
## Encrypting Payloads
Encryption is done following [NIP-44](44.md) on the JSON-encoded event. Place the encryption payload in the `.content`
of the wrapper event (either a `seal` or a `gift wrap`).
# Other Considerations
## Other Considerations
If a `rumor` is intended for more than one party, or if the author wants to retain an encrypted copy, a single
`rumor` may be wrapped and addressed for each recipient individually.
@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ To protect recipient metadata, relays SHOULD only serve `kind 1059` events inten
When possible, clients should only send wrapped events to `read` relays for the recipient that implement
AUTH, and refuse to serve wrapped events to non-recipients.
# An Example
## An Example
Let's send a wrapped `kind 1` message between two parties asking "Are you going to the party tonight?"
@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ Let's send a wrapped `kind 1` message between two parties asking "Are you going
Note that this messaging protocol should not be used in practice, this is just an example. Refer to other
NIPs for concrete messaging protocols that depend on gift wraps.
## 1. Create an event
### 1. Create an event
Create a `kind 1` event with the message, the receivers, and any other tags you want, signed by the author.
Do not sign the event.
@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ Do not sign the event.
}
```
## 2. Seal the rumor
### 2. Seal the rumor
Encrypt the JSON-encoded `rumor` with a conversation key derived using the author's private key and
the recipient's public key. Place the result in the `content` field of a `kind 13` `seal` event. Sign
@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ it with the author's key.
}
```
## 3. Wrap the seal
### 3. Wrap the seal
Encrypt the JSON-encoded `kind 13` event with your ephemeral, single-use random key. Place the result
in the `content` field of a `kind 1059`. Add a single `p` tag containing the recipient's public key.
@ -160,13 +160,13 @@ Sign the `gift wrap` using the random key generated in the previous step.
}
```
## 4. Broadcast Selectively
### 4. Broadcast Selectively
Broadcast the `kind 1059` event to the recipient's relays only. Delete all the other events.
# Code Samples
## Code Samples
## JavaScript
### JavaScript
```javascript
import {bytesToHex} from "@noble/hashes/utils"

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@ -16,12 +16,12 @@ The purpose of this NIP is:
This NIP doesn't deal with users' *receiving* money from someone else, it's just to keep state of the user's wallet.
# High-level flow
## High-level flow
1. A user has a `kind:17375` event that represents a wallet.
2. A user has `kind:7375` events that represent the unspent proofs of the wallet. -- The proofs are encrypted with the user's private key.
3. A user has `kind:7376` events that represent the spending history of the wallet -- This history is for informational purposes only and is completely optional.
## Wallet Event
### Wallet Event
```jsonc
{
"kind": 17375,
@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ Tags:
* `mint` - Mint(s) this wallet uses -- there MUST be one or more mint tags.
* `privkey` - Private key used to unlock P2PK ecash. MUST be stored encrypted in the `.content` field. **This is a different private key exclusively used for the wallet, not associated in any way to the user's Nostr private key** -- This is only used for receiving [NIP-61](61.md) nutzaps.
## Token Event
### Token Event
Token events are used to record unspent proofs.
There can be multiple `kind:7375` events for the same mint, and multiple proofs inside each `kind:7375` event.
@ -68,14 +68,14 @@ There can be multiple `kind:7375` events for the same mint, and multiple proofs
* `.content` is a [NIP-44](44.md) encrypted payload:
* `mint`: The mint the proofs belong to.
* `proofs`: unecoded proofs
* `proofs`: unencoded proofs
* `del`: token-ids that were destroyed by the creation of this token. This assists with state transitions.
When one or more proofs of a token are spent, the token event should be [NIP-09](09.md)-deleted and, if some proofs are unspent from the same token event, a new token event should be created rolling over the unspent proofs and adding any change outputs to the new token event (the change output should include a `del` field).
The `kind:5` _delete event_ created in the [NIP-09](09.md) process MUST have a tag `["k", "7375"]` to allow easy filtering by clients interested in state transitions.
## Spending History Event
### Spending History Event
Clients SHOULD publish `kind:7376` events to create a transaction history when their balance changes.
```jsonc
@ -103,17 +103,17 @@ All tags can be [NIP-44](44.md) encrypted. Clients SHOULD leave `e` tags with a
Multiple `e` tags can be added, and should be encrypted, except for tags with the `redeemed` marker.
# Flow
## Flow
A client that wants to check for user's wallets information starts by fetching `kind:10019` events from the user's relays, if no event is found, it should fall back to using the user's [NIP-65](65.md) relays.
## Fetch wallet and token list
### Fetch wallet and token list
From those relays, the client should fetch wallet and token events.
`"kinds": [17375, 7375], "authors": ["<my-pubkey>"]`
## Fetch proofs
### Fetch proofs
## Spending token
### Spending token
If Alice spends 4 sats from this token event
```jsonc
{
@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ Her client:
}
```
## Redeeming a quote (optional)
### Redeeming a quote (optional)
When creating a quote at a mint, an event can be used to keep the state of the quote ID, which will be used to check when the quote has been paid. These events should be created with an expiration tag [NIP-40](40.md) of 2 weeks (which is around the maximum amount of time a Lightning payment may be in-flight).
However, application developers SHOULD use local state when possible and only publish this event when it makes sense in the context of their application.

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@ -8,19 +8,19 @@ Nutzaps
A Nutzap is a P2PK Cashu token in which the payment itself is the receipt.
# High-level flow
## High-level flow
Alice wants to nutzap 1 sat to Bob because of an event `event-id-1` she liked.
## Alice nutzaps Bob
### Alice nutzaps Bob
1. Alice fetches event `kind:10019` from Bob to see the mints Bob trusts.
2. She mints a token at that mint (or swaps some tokens she already had in that mint) P2PK-locked to the pubkey Bob has listed in his `kind:10019`.
3. She publishes a `kind:9321` event to the relays Bob indicated with the proofs she minted.
## Bob receives the nutzap
### Bob receives the nutzap
1. At some point, Bob's client fetches `kind:9321` events p-tagging him from his relays.
2. Bob's client swaps the token into his wallet.
# Nutzap informational event
## Nutzap informational event
```jsonc
{
"kind": 10019,
@ -39,20 +39,21 @@ Alice wants to nutzap 1 sat to Bob because of an event `event-id-1` she liked.
* `mint`: mints the user is explicitly agreeing to use to receive funds on. Clients SHOULD not send money on mints not listed here or risk burning their money. Additional markers can be used to list the supported base units of the mint.
* `pubkey`: Public key that MUST be used to P2PK-lock receiving nutzaps -- implementations MUST NOT use the target user's main Nostr public key. This public key corresponds to the `privkey` field encrypted in a user's [nip-60](60.md) _wallet event_.
## Nutzap event
### Nutzap event
Event `kind:9321` is a nutzap event published by the sender, p-tagging the recipient. The outputs are P2PK-locked to the public key the recipient indicated in their `kind:10019` event.
Clients MUST prefix the public key they P2PK-lock with `"02"` (for nostr<>cashu compatibility).
```jsonc
{
kind: 9321,
content: "Thanks for this great idea.",
pubkey: "<sender-pubkey>",
tags: [
"kind": 9321,
"content": "Thanks for this great idea.",
"pubkey": "<sender-pubkey>",
"tags": [
[ "proof", "{\"amount\":1,\"C\":\"02277c66191736eb72fce9d975d08e3191f8f96afb73ab1eec37e4465683066d3f\",\"id\":\"000a93d6f8a1d2c4\",\"secret\":\"[\\\"P2PK\\\",{\\\"nonce\\\":\\\"b00bdd0467b0090a25bdf2d2f0d45ac4e355c482c1418350f273a04fedaaee83\\\",\\\"data\\\":\\\"02eaee8939e3565e48cc62967e2fde9d8e2a4b3ec0081f29eceff5c64ef10ac1ed\\\"}]\"}" ],
[ "u", "https://stablenut.umint.cash" ],
[ "e", "<nutzapped-event-id>", "<relay-hint>" ],
[ "k", "<nutzapped-kind>"],
[ "p", "e9fbced3a42dcf551486650cc752ab354347dd413b307484e4fd1818ab53f991" ], // recipient of nutzap
]
}
@ -65,25 +66,25 @@ Clients MUST prefix the public key they P2PK-lock with `"02"` (for nostr<>cashu
* `p` is the Nostr identity public key of nutzap recipient.
* `e` is the event that is being nutzapped, if any.
# Sending a nutzap
## Sending a nutzap
* The sender fetches the recipient's `kind:10019`.
* The sender mints/swaps ecash on one of the recipient's listed mints.
* The sender P2PK-locks to the recipient's specified public key in their `kind:10019`
# Receiving nutzaps
## Receiving nutzaps
Clients should REQ for nutzaps:
* Filtering with `#u` for mints they expect to receive ecash from.
* this is to prevent even interacting with mints the user hasn't explicitly signaled.
* Filtering with `since` of the most recent `kind:7376` event the same user has created.
* this can be used as a marker of the nutzaps that have already been swaped by the user -- clients might choose to use other kinds of markers, including internal state -- this is just a guidance of one possible approach.
* this can be used as a marker of the nutzaps that have already been swapped by the user -- clients might choose to use other kinds of markers, including internal state -- this is just a guidance of one possible approach.
`{ "kinds": [9321], "#p": ["my-pubkey"], "#u": ["<mint-1>", "<mint-2>"], "since": <latest-created_at-of-kind-7376> }`.
Upon receiving a new nutzap, the client should swap the tokens into a wallet the user controls, either a [NIP-60](60.md) wallet, their own LN wallet or anything else.
## Updating nutzap-redemption history
### Updating nutzap-redemption history
When claiming a token the client SHOULD create a `kind:7376` event and `e` tag the original nutzap event. This is to record that this token has already been claimed (and shouldn't be attempted again) and as signaling to the recipient that the ecash has been redeemed.
Multiple `kind:9321` events can be tagged in the same `kind:7376` event.
@ -105,7 +106,7 @@ Multiple `kind:9321` events can be tagged in the same `kind:7376` event.
Events that redeem a nutzap SHOULD be published to the sender's [NIP-65](65.md) "read" relays.
## Verifying a Cashu Zap
### Verifying a Cashu Zap
When listing or counting zaps received by any given event, observer clients SHOULD:
* check that the receiving user has issued a `kind:10019` tagging the mint where the cashu has been minted.
@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ When listing or counting zaps received by any given event, observer clients SHOU
All these checks can be done offline (as long as the observer has the receiver mints' keyset and their `kind:10019` event), so the process should be reasonably fast.
## Final Considerations
### Final Considerations
1. Clients SHOULD guide their users to use NUT-11 (P2PK) and NUT-12 (DLEQ proofs) compatible-mints in their `kind:10019` event to avoid receiving nutzaps anyone can spend.
2. Clients SHOULD normalize and deduplicate mint URLs as described in NIP-65.
3. A nutzap event MUST include proofs in one of the mints the recipient has listed in their `kind:10019` and published to the NIP-65 relays of the recipient, failure to do so may result in the recipient donating the tokens to the mint since the recipient might never see the event.

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@ -6,11 +6,9 @@ Relay List Metadata
`draft` `optional`
Defines a replaceable event using `kind:10002` to advertise preferred relays for discovering a user's content and receiving fresh content from others.
Defines a replaceable event using `kind:10002` to advertise relays where the user generally **writes** to and relays where the user generally **reads** mentions.
The event MUST include a list of `r` tags with relay URIs and a `read` or `write` marker. Relays marked as `read` / `write` are called READ / WRITE relays, respectively. If the marker is omitted, the relay is used for both purposes.
The `.content` is not used.
The event MUST include a list of `r` tags with relay URLs as value and an optional `read` or `write` marker. If the marker is omitted, the relay is both **read** and **write**.
```jsonc
{
@ -26,43 +24,20 @@ The `.content` is not used.
}
```
This NIP doesn't fully replace relay lists that are designed to configure a client's usage of relays (such as `kind:3` style relay lists). Clients MAY use other relay lists in situations where a `kind:10002` relay list cannot be found.
When downloading events **from** a user, clients SHOULD use the **write** relays of that user.
## When to Use Read and Write Relays
When downloading events **about** a user, where the user was tagged (mentioned), clients SHOULD use the user's **read** relays.
When seeking events **from** a user, Clients SHOULD use the WRITE relays of the user's `kind:10002`.
When publishing an event, clients SHOULD:
When seeking events **about** a user, where the user was tagged, Clients SHOULD use the READ relays of the user's `kind:10002`.
- Send the event to the **write** relays of the author
- Send the event to all **read** relays of each tagged user
- Send the author's `kind:10002` event to all relays the event was published to
When broadcasting an event, Clients SHOULD:
### Size
- Broadcast the event to the WRITE relays of the author
- Broadcast the event to all READ relays of each tagged user
Clients SHOULD guide users to keep `kind:10002` lists small (2-4 relays of each category).
## Motivation
### Discoverability
The old model of using a fixed relay list per user centralizes in large relay operators:
- Most users submit their posts to the same highly popular relays, aiming to achieve greater visibility among a broader audience
- Many users are pulling events from a large number of relays in order to get more data at the expense of duplication
- Events are being copied between relays, oftentimes to many different relays
This NIP allows Clients to connect directly with the most up-to-date relay set from each individual user, eliminating the need of broadcasting events to popular relays.
## Final Considerations
1. Clients SHOULD guide users to keep `kind:10002` lists small (2-4 relays).
2. Clients SHOULD spread an author's `kind:10002` event to as many relays as viable.
3. `kind:10002` events should primarily be used to advertise the user's preferred relays to others. A user's own client may use other heuristics for selecting relays for fetching data.
4. DMs SHOULD only be broadcasted to the author's WRITE relays and to the receiver's READ relays to keep maximum privacy.
5. If a relay signals support for this NIP in their [NIP-11](11.md) document that means they're willing to accept kind 10002 events from a broad range of users, not only their paying customers or whitelisted group.
6. Clients SHOULD deduplicate connections by normalizing relay URIs according to [RFC 3986](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-6).
## Related articles
- [Outbox model](https://mikedilger.com/gossip-model/)
- [What is the Outbox Model?](https://habla.news/u/hodlbod@coracle.social/8YjqXm4SKY-TauwjOfLXS)
Clients SHOULD spread an author's `kind:10002` event to as many relays as viable, paying attention to relays that, at any moment, serve naturally as well-known public indexers for these relay lists (where most other clients and users are connecting to in order to publish and fetch those).

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@ -1,138 +1,49 @@
# NIP-66: Relay Discovery and Liveness Monitoring
NIP-66
======
Relay Discovery and Liveness Monitoring
-------------------
`draft` `optional`
You want to find relays. You may want to discover relays based on criteria that's up to date. You may even want to ensure that you have a complete dataset. You probably want to filter relays based on their reported liveness.
This NIP defines events for relay discovery and the announcement of relay monitors.
In its purest form:
## Relay Discovery Events
```json
{
"kind": 30166,
"created_at": 1722173222,
"content": "{}",
"tags": [
[ "d", "wss://somerelay.abc/" ]
],
"pubkey": "<pubkey>",
"sig": "<signature>",
"id": "<eventid>"
}
```
`30166` relay discovery events document relay characteristics inferred either from a relay's [NIP 11](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/11.md) document, or via probing.
This event signals that the relay at `wss://somerelay.abc/` was reported "online" by `<pubkey>` at timestamp `1722173222`. This event **MAY** be extended upon to include more information.
Information corresponding to field in a relay's NIP 11 document MAY contradict actual values if monitors find that a different policy is implemented than is advertised.
## Kinds
`NIP-66` defines two (2) event kinds, `30166` and `10166`
`content` MAY include the stringified JSON of the relay's NIP-11 informational document.
| kind | name | description |
|-------|----------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [30166](#k30166) | Relay Discovery | An addressable event that is published by a monitor when a relay is online |
| [10166](#k10166) | Relay Monitor Announcement | An RE that stores data that signals the intent of a pubkey to monitor relays and publish `30166` events at a regular _frequency_ |
The only required tag is the `d` tag, which MUST be set to the relay's [normalized](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-6) URL. For relays not accessible via URL, a hex-encoded pubkey MAY be used instead.
## Ontology
- `Relay Operator`: someone who operates a relay
- `Monitor`: A pubkey that monitors relays and publishes `30166` events at the frequency specified in their `10166` event.
- `Ad-hoc Monitor`: A pubkey that monitors relays and publishes `30166` events at an irregular frequency.
- `Monitor Service`: A group or individual that monitors relays using one or more `Monitors`.
- `Check`: a specific data point that is tested or aggregated by a monitor.
Other tags include:
## `30166`: "Relay Discovery" <a id="k30166"></a>
- `rtt-open` - The relay's open round-trip time in milliseconds.
- `rtt-read` - The relay's read round-trip time in milliseconds.
- `rtt-write` - The relay's write round-trip time in milliseconds.
- `n` - The relay's network type. SHOULD be one of `clearnet`, `tor`, `i2p`, `loki`
- `T` - The relay type. Enumerated [relay type](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/issues/1282) formatted as `PascalCase`, e.g. `PrivateInbox`
- `N` - NIPs supported by the relay
- `R` - Keys corresponding to requirements per [NIP 11](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/11.md)'s `limitations` array, including `auth`, `writes`, `pow`, and `payment`. False values should be specified using a `!` prefix, for example `!auth`.
- `t` - A topic associated with this relay
- `k` - Accepted and unaccepted kinds (false values prepended by `!`)
- `g` - A [NIP-52](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/52.md) geohash
### Summary
`30166` is a `NIP-33` addressable event, referred to as a "Relay Discovery" event. These events are optimized with a small footprint for protocol-level relay Discovery.
Tags with more than one value should be repeated, rather than putting all values in a single tag, for example `[["t", "cats"], ["t", "dogs"]]`, rather than `[["t", "cats", "dogs"]]`.
### Purpose
Discovery of relays over nostr.
Example:
### Schema
#### Content
`30166` content fields **SHOULD** include the stringified JSON of the relay's NIP-11 informational document. This data **MAY** be provided for informational purposes only.
#### `created_at`
The `created_at` field in a NIP-66 event should reflect the time when the relay liveness (and potentially other data points) was checked.
#### `tags`
##### Meta Tags (unindexed)
- `rtt-open` The relay's open **round-trip time** in milliseconds.
- `rtt-read` The relay's read **round-trip time** in milliseconds.
- `rtt-write` The relay's write **round-trip time** in milliseconds.
_Other `rtt` values **MAY** be present. This NIP should be updated if there is value found in more `rtt` values._
##### Single Letter Tags (indexed)
- `d` The relay URL/URI. The `#d` tag **must** be included in the `event.tags[]` array. Index position `1` **must** be the relay websocket URL/URI. If a URL it **SHOULD** be [normalized](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc3986#section-6). For relays not accessible via conventional means but rather by an npub/pubkey, an npub/pubkey **MAY** be used in place of a URL.
```json
[ "d", "wss://somerelay.abc/"]
```
- `n`: Network
```json
[ "n", "clearnet" ]
```
- `T`: Relay Type. Enumerated [relay type](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/issues/1282) formatted as `PascalCase`
```json
["T", "PrivateInbox" ]
```
- `N`: Supported Nips _From NIP-11 "Informational Document" `nip11.supported_nips[]`_
```json
[ "N", "42" ]
```
- `R`: Requirements _NIP-11 "Informational Document" `nip11.limitations.payment_required`, `nip11.limitations.auth_required` and/or any other boolean value within `nip11.limitations[]` that is added in the future_
```json
[ "R", "payment" ],
[ "R", "auth" ],
```
Since the nostr protocol does not currently support filtering on whether an indexed tag **is** or **is not** set, to make "public" and "no auth" relays discoverable requires a `!` flag
```json
[ "R", "!payment" ], //no payment required, is public
[ "R", "!auth" ], //no authentication required
```
- `t`: "Topics" _From NIP-11 "Informational Document" `nip11.tags[]`_
```json
[ "t", "nsfw" ]
```
- `k`: Accepted/Blocked Kinds [`NIP-22`]
```json
[ "k", "0" ],
[ "k", "3" ],
[ "k", "10002" ]
```
or for blocked kinds
```json
[ "k", "!0" ]
[ "k", "!3" ],
[ "k", "!10002" ]
```
- `g`: `NIP-52` `g` tags (geohash)
```json
[ "g", "9r1652whz" ]
```
- `30166` **MAY** be extended with global tags defined by other NIPs that do no collide with locally defined indices, including but not limited to: `p`, `t`, `e`, `a`, `i` and `l/L`.
#### Robust Example of a `30166` Event
_Relay was online, and you can filter on a number of different tags_
```json
{
"id": "<eventid>",
"pubkey": "<monitor's pubkey>",
"created_at": "<created_at [some recent date ...]>",
"signature": "<signature>",
"content": "{}",
"content": "<optional nip 11 document>",
"kind": 30166,
"tags": [
"tags": [
["d","wss://some.relay/"],
["n", "clearnet"],
["N", "40"],
@ -140,64 +51,28 @@ _Relay was online, and you can filter on a number of different tags_
["R", "!payment"],
["R", "auth"],
["g", "ww8p1r4t8"],
["p", "somehexkey..."],
["l", "en", "ISO-639-1"],
["t", "nsfw" ],
["rtt-open", 234 ]
]
}
}
```
## `10166`: "Relay Monitor Announcement" Events <a id="k10166"></a>
## Relay Monitor Announcements
### Summary
`10166` is a replacable event herein referred to as "Relay Monitor Announcement" events. These events contain information about a publisher's intent to monitor and publish data as `30166` events. This event is optional and is intended for monitors who intend to provide monitoring services at a regular and predictable frequency.
Kind `10166` relay monitor announcements advertise the author's intent to publish `30166` events. This event is optional and is intended for monitors who intend to provide monitoring services at a regular and predictable frequency.
### Purpose
To provide a directory of monitors, their intent to publish, their criteria and parameters of monitoring activities. Absence of this event implies the monitor is ad-hoc and does not publish events at a predictable frequency, and relies on mechanisms to infer data integrity, such as web-of-trust.
Tags include:
### Schema
- `frequency` - The frequency in seconds at which the monitor publishes events.
- `timeout` (optional) - The timeout values for various checks conducted by a monitor. Index `1` is the monitor's timeout in milliseconds. Index `2` describes what test the timeout is used for. If no index `2` is provided, it is inferred that the timeout provided applies to all tests.
- `c` - a lowercase string describing the checks conducted by a monitor. Examples include `open`, `read`, `write`, `auth`, `nip11`, `dns`, and `geo`.
- `g` - [NIP-52](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/blob/master/11.md) geohash tag
#### Standard Tags
Monitors SHOULD also publish a `kind 0` profile and a `kind 10002` relay selections event.
- `frequency` The frequency **in seconds** at which the monitor publishes events. A string-integer at index `1` represents the expected frequency the monitor will publish `30166` events. There should only be `1` frequency per monitor.
Example:
```json
[ "frequency", "3600" ]
```
- `timeout` (optional) The timeout values for various checks conducted by a monitor. Index `1` is the monitor's timeout in milliseconds. Index `2` describes what test the timeout is used for. If no index `2` is provided, it is inferred that the timeout provided applies to all tests. These values can assist relay operators in understanding data signaled by the monitor in _Relay Discovery Events_.
```json
[ "timeout", "2000", "open" ],
[ "timeout", "2000", "read" ],
[ "timeout", "3000", "write" ],
[ "timeout", "2000", "nip11" ],
[ "timeout", "4000", "ssl" ]
```
#### Indexed Tags
- `c` "Checks" **SHOULD** be a lowercase string describing the check(s) conducted by a monitor. Due to the rapidly evolving nature of relays, enumeration is organic and not strictly defined. But examples of some checks could be websocket `open/read/write/auth`, `nip11` checks, `dns` and `geo` checks, and and any other checks the monitor may deem useful.. Other checks **MAY** be included. New types of checks **SHOULD** be added to this NIP as they are needed.
```json
[ "c", "ws" ],
[ "c", "nip11" ],
[ "c", "dns" ],
[ "c", "geo" ],
[ "c", "ssl" ],
```
- `g`: `NIP-52` `g` tags (geohash)
```json
[ "g", "9r1652whz" ]
```
- Any other globally defined indexable tags **MAY** be included as found necessary.
### Other Requirements
Monitors **SHOULD** have the following
- A published `0` (NIP-1) event
- A published `10002` (NIP-65) event that defines the relays the monitor publishes to.
### Robust Example of a `10166` Event
```json
{
"id": "<eventid>",
@ -205,46 +80,18 @@ Monitors **SHOULD** have the following
"created_at": "<created_at [some recent date ...]>",
"signature": "<signature>",
"content": "",
"tags": [
"tags": [
[ "timeout", "open", "5000" ],
[ "timeout", "read", "3000" ],
[ "timeout", "write", "3000" ],
[ "timeout", "nip11", "3000" ],
[ "frequency", "3600" ],
[ "c", "ws" ],
[ "c", "nip11" ],
[ "c", "ssl" ],
[ "c", "dns" ],
[ "c", "geo" ]
[ "g", "ww8p1r4t8" ]
]
}
}
```
## Methodology
### Monitors
1. A _Relay Monitor_ checks the liveness and potentially other attributes of a relay.
2. _Relay Monitor_ publishes a kind `30166` note when a relay it is monitoring is online. If the monitor has a `10166` event, events should be published at the frequency defined in their `10166` note.
_Any pubkey that publishes `30166` events **SHOULD** at a minimum be checking that the relay is available by websocket and behaves like a relay_
### Clients
1. In most cases, a client **SHOULD** filter on `30166` events using either a statically or dynamically defined monitor's `pubkey` and a `created_at` value respective of the monitor's published `frequency`. If the monitor has no stated frequency, other mechanisms should be employed to determine data integrity.
2. _Relay Liveness_ is subjectively determined by the client, starting with the `frequency` value of a monitor.
3. The liveness of a _Relay Monitor_ can be subjectively determined by detecting whether the _Relay Monitor_ has published events with respect to `frequency` value of any particular monitor.
4. The reliability and trustworthiness of a _Relay Monitor_ could be established via web-of-trust, reviews or similar mechanisms.
## Risk Mitigation
- When a client implements `NIP-66` events, the client should have a fallback if `NIP-66` events cannot be located.
- A `Monitor` or `Ad-hoc Monitor` may publish erroneous `30166` events, intentionally or otherwise. Therefor, it's important to program defensively to limit the impact of such events. This can be achieved with web-of-trust, reviews, fallbacks and/or data-aggregation for example.

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@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
# NIP-69
NIP-69
======
## Peer-to-peer Order events
Peer-to-peer Order events
-------------------------
`draft` `optional`
@ -78,6 +80,7 @@ Currently implemented on the following platforms:
- [Mostro](https://github.com/MostroP2P/mostro)
- [@lnp2pBot](https://github.com/lnp2pBot/bot)
- [Robosats](https://github.com/RoboSats/robosats/pull/1362)
- [Peach Bitcoin](https://github.com/Peach2Peach/peach-nostr-announcer-bot)
## References

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@ -85,15 +85,15 @@ Additionally `service nip96` may be included to allow clients to search the auth
```jsonc
{
"id": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded SHA-256 of the the serialized event data>,
"pubkey": <32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded public key of the event creator>,
"id": "<32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded SHA-256 of the the serialized event data>",
"pubkey": "<32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded public key of the event creator>",
"created_at": <Unix timestamp in seconds>,
"kind": 21 | 22,
"content": "<summary / description of video>",
"tags": [
["title", "<title of video>"],
["published_at", "<unix timestamp>"],
["alt", <description>],
["alt", "<description>"],
// video Data
["imeta",
@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ Additionally `service nip96` may be included to allow clients to search the auth
"service nip96",
],
["duration", <duration of video in seconds>],
["duration", "<duration of video in seconds>"],
["text-track", "<encoded `kind 6000` event>", "<recommended relay urls>"],
["content-warning", "<reason>"],
["segment", <start>, <end>, "<title>", "<thumbnail URL>"],

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Moderated Communities (Reddit Style)
The goal of this NIP is to enable public communities. It defines the replaceable event `kind:34550` to define the community and the current list of moderators/administrators. Users that want to post into the community, simply tag any Nostr event with the community's `a` tag. Moderators may issue an approval event `kind:4550`.
# Community Definition
## Community Definition
`Kind:34550` SHOULD include any field that helps define the community and the set of moderators. `relay` tags MAY be used to describe the preferred relay to download requests and approvals. A community definition event's `d` tag MAY double as its name, but if a `name` tag is provided, it SHOULD be displayed instead of the `d` tag.
@ -39,22 +39,58 @@ The goal of this NIP is to enable public communities. It defines the replaceable
}
```
# Posting to a community
## Posting to a community
Any Nostr event can be posted to a community. Clients MUST add one or more community `a` tags, each with a recommended relay.
[NIP-22](NIP-22) kind 1111 events SHOULD be used for text notes posted to a community, with the `A` tag always scoped to the community definition.
### Top-level posts
For top-level posts, the uppercase and lowercase NIP-22 tags should both refer to the community definition itself.
```jsonc
{
"kind": 1,
"kind": 1111,
"tags": [
["a", "34550:<community event author pubkey>:<community-d-identifier>", "<optional-relay-url>"],
["A", "34550:<community-author-pubkey>:<community-d-identifier>", "<optional-relay-url>"],
["a", "34550:<community-author-pubkey>:<community-d-identifier>", "<optional-relay-url>"],
["P", "<community-author-pubkey>", "<optional-relay-url>"],
["p", "<community-author-pubkey>", "<optional-relay-url>"],
["K", "34550"],
["k", "34550"],
],
"content": "hello world",
"content": "Hi everyone. It's great to be here!",
// other fields...
}
```
# Moderation
### Nested replies
For nested replies, the uppercase tags should still refer to the community definition, while the lowercase tags should refer to the parent post or reply.
```jsonc
{
"kind": 1111,
"tags": [
// community definition itself
["A", "34550:<community-author-pubkey>:<community-d-identifier>", "<optional-relay-url>"],
["P", "<community-author-pubkey>", "<optional-relay-url>"],
["K", "34550"],
// parent post or reply
["e", "<parent-event-id>", "<optional-relay-url>"],
["p", "<parent-event-author-pubkey>", "<optional-relay-url>"],
["k", "<parent-event-kind>"] // most likely "1111"
],
"content": "Agreed! Welcome everyone!",
// other fields...
}
```
### Backwards compatibility note
Previously kind 1 events were used for posts in communities, with an "a" tag pointing to the community. For backwards compatibility, clients MAY still query for kind 1 events, but SHOULD NOT use them for new posts. Instead, clients SHOULD use kind 1111 events with the `A` and `a` tags as described above.
## Moderation
Anyone may issue an approval event to express their opinion that a post is appropriate for a community. Clients MAY choose which approval events to honor, but SHOULD at least use ones published by the group's defined moderators.
@ -91,6 +127,6 @@ Since relays are instructed to delete old versions of a replaceable event, the `
Clients SHOULD evaluate any non-`34550:*` `a` tag as posts to be approved for all `34550:*` `a` tags.
# Cross-posting
## Cross-posting
Clients MAY support cross-posting between communities by posting a NIP 18 `kind 6` or `kind 16` repost to one or more communities using `a` tags as described above. The `content` of the repost MUST be the original event, not the approval event.

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@ -6,36 +6,39 @@ External Content IDs
`draft` `optional`
There are certain established global content identifiers such as [Book ISBNs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN), [Podcast GUIDs](https://podcastnamespace.org/tag/guid), and [Movie ISANs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Audiovisual_Number) that are useful to reference in nostr events so that clients can query all the events assosiated with these ids.
There are certain established global content identifiers such as [Book ISBNs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN), [Podcast GUIDs](https://podcastnamespace.org/tag/guid), and [Movie ISANs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Audiovisual_Number) that are useful to reference in nostr events so that clients can query all the events associated with these ids.
`i` tags are used for referencing these external content ids, with `k` tags representing the external content id kind so that clients can query all the events for a specific kind.
## Supported IDs
| Type | `i` tag | `k` tag |
| --- | --- | --- |
| URLs | "`<URL, normalized, no fragment>`" | "web" |
| Hashtags | "#`<topic, lowercase>`" | "#" |
| Geohashes | "geo:`<geohash, lowercase>`" | "geo" |
| Books | "isbn:`<id, without hyphens>`" | "isbn" |
| Podcast Feeds | "podcast:guid:`<guid>`" | "podcast:guid" |
| Podcast Episodes | "podcast:item:guid:`<guid>`" | "podcast:item:guid" |
| Podcast Publishers | "podcast:publisher:guid:`<guid>`" | "podcast:publisher:guid" |
| Movies | "isan:`<id, without version part>`" | "isan" |
| Papers | "doi:`<id, lowercase>`" | "doi" |
| Type | `i` tag | `k` tag |
| --- | --- | --- |
| URLs | "`<URL, normalized, no fragment>`" | "web" |
| Books | "isbn:`<id, without hyphens>`" | "isbn" |
| Geohashes | "geo:`<geohash, lowercase>`" | "geo" |
| Movies | "isan:`<id, without version part>`" | "isan" |
| Papers | "doi:`<id, lowercase>`" | "doi" |
| Hashtags | "#`<topic, lowercase>`" | "#" |
| Podcast Feeds | "podcast:guid:`<guid>`" | "podcast:guid" |
| Podcast Episodes | "podcast:item:guid:`<guid>`" | "podcast:item:guid" |
| Podcast Publishers | "podcast:publisher:guid:`<guid>`" | "podcast:publisher:guid" |
| Blockchain Transaction | "`<blockchain>`:[`<chainId>`:]tx:`<txid, hex, lowercase>`" | "`<blockchain>`:tx" |
| Blockchain Address | "`<blockchain>`:[`<chainId>`:]address:`<address>`" | "`<blockchain>`:address" |
---
## Examples
### Webpages
For the webpage "https://myblog.example.com/post/2012-03-27/hello-world" the "i" and "k" tags are:
```jsonc
[
["i","https://myblog.example.com/post/2012-03-27/hello-world"],
["i", "https://myblog.example.com/post/2012-03-27/hello-world"],
["k", "web"]
]
```
@ -44,7 +47,7 @@ For the webpage "https://myblog.example.com/post/2012-03-27/hello-world" the "i"
- Book ISBN: `["i", "isbn:9780765382030"]` - https://isbnsearch.org/isbn/9780765382030
Book ISBNs MUST be referenced _**without hyphens**_ as many book search APIs return the ISBNs without hyphens. Removing hypens from ISBNs is trivial, whereas adding the hyphens back in is non-trivial requiring a library.
Book ISBNs MUST be referenced _**without hyphens**_ as many book search APIs return the ISBNs without hyphens. Removing hyphens from ISBNs is trivial, whereas adding the hyphens back in is non-trivial requiring a library.
### Podcasts:
@ -58,6 +61,62 @@ Book ISBNs MUST be referenced _**without hyphens**_ as many book search APIs ret
Movie ISANs SHOULD be referenced _**without the version part**_ as the versions / edits of movies are not relevant. More info on ISAN parts here - https://support.isan.org/hc/en-us/articles/360002783131-Records-relations-and-hierarchies-in-the-ISAN-Registry
### Blockchain
`<blockchain>` can be any layer 1 chain (`bitcoin`, `ethereum`, `solana`, ...). If necessary (e.g. for ethereum), you can specify a `<chainId>`.
#### Bitcoin
```
bitcoin:address:<bech32, lowercase | base58, case sensitive>
bitcoin:tx:<txid, hex, lowercase>
```
E.g. https://blockstream.info/tx/a1075db55d416d3ca199f55b6084e2115b9345e16c5cf302fc80e9d5fbf5d48d
```jsonc
[
["i", "bitcoin:tx:a1075db55d416d3ca199f55b6084e2115b9345e16c5cf302fc80e9d5fbf5d48d"],
["k", "bitcoin:tx"]
]
```
E.g. https://blockstream.info/address/1HQ3Go3ggs8pFnXuHVHRytPCq5fGG8Hbhx
```jsonc
[
["i", "bitcoin:address:1HQ3Go3ggs8pFnXuHVHRytPCq5fGG8Hbhx"],
["k", "bitcoin:address"]
]
```
#### Ethereum (and other EVM chains)
```
ethereum:<chainId, integer>:tx:<txHash, hex, lowercase>
ethereum:<chainId, integer>:address:<hex, lowercase>
```
E.g. https://etherscan.io/address/0xd8dA6BF26964aF9D7eEd9e03E53415D37aA96045
```jsonc
[
["i", "ethereum:1:address:0xd8da6bf26964af9d7eed9e03e53415d37aa96045"],
["k", "ethereum:address"]
]
```
E.g. https://gnosisscan.io/tx/0x98f7812be496f97f80e2e98d66358d1fc733cf34176a8356d171ea7fbbe97ccd
```jsonc
[
["i", "ethereum:100:tx:0x98f7812be496f97f80e2e98d66358d1fc733cf34176a8356d171ea7fbbe97ccd"],
["k", "ethereum:tx"]
]
```
---
### Optional URL Hints

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@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
NIP-77
======
Negentropy Syncing
------------------
`draft` `optional`
This document describes a protocol extension for syncing events. It works for both client-relay and relay-relay scenarios. If both sides of the sync have events in common, then this protocol will use less bandwidth than transferring the full set of events (or even just their IDs).
It is a Nostr-friendly wrapper around the [Negentropy](https://github.com/hoytech/negentropy) protocol, which uses a technique called [Range-Based Set Reconciliation](https://logperiodic.com/rbsr.html).
Since Negentropy is a binary protocol, this wrapper hex-encodes its messages. The specification for Negentropy Protocol V1 is attached as an appendix to this NIP below.
## High-Level Protocol Description
We're going to call the two sides engaged in the sync the client and the relay (even though the initiator could be another relay instead of a client).
* (1) Client (initiator) chooses a filter, and retrieves the set of events that it has locally that match this filter (or uses a cache), and constructs an initial message.
* (2) Client sends a `NEG-OPEN` message to the relay, which includes the filter and the initial message.
* (3) Relay selects the set of events that it has locally that match the filter (or uses a cache).
* (4) Relay constructs a response and returns it to the client in a `NEG-MSG` message.
* (5) Client parses the message to learn about IDs it has (and relay needs) and IDs it needs (and relay has).
* If client wishes to continue, then it constructs a new message and sends it to the relay in a `NEG-MSG` message. Goto step 4.
* If client wishes to stop, then it sends a `NEG-CLOSE` message or disconnects the websocket.
The above protocol only results in the client learning about IDs it has/needs, and does not actually transfer events. Given these IDs, the client can upload events it has with `EVENT`, and/or download events it needs with `REQ`. This can be performed over the same websocket connection in parallel with subsequent `NEG-MSG` messages. If a client is only interested in determining the number of unique events (ie, reaction counts), it may choose to not download/upload at all.
## Nostr Messages
### Initial message (client to relay):
```jsonc
[
"NEG-OPEN",
<subscription ID string>,
<filter>,
<initialMessage, hex-encoded>
]
```
* The subscription ID is used by each side to identify which query a message refers to. It only needs to be long enough to distinguish it from any other concurrent subscriptions on this websocket connection (an integer that increments once per `NEG-OPEN` is fine). Subscription IDs are in a separate namespace from `REQ` subscription IDs. If a `NEG-OPEN` is issued for a currently open subscription ID, the existing subscription is first closed.
* The filter is as described in [NIP-01](01.md).
* `initialMessage` is the initial Negentropy binary message, hex-encoded. See appendix.
### Error message (relay to client):
If a request cannot be serviced by the relay, an error is returned to the client:
```jsonc
[
"NEG-ERR",
<subscription ID string>,
<reason code string>
]
```
Error reasons are the same format as in NIP-01. They should begin with a machine-readable single-word prefix, followed by a `:` and then a human-readable message with more information.
The current suggested error reasons are
* `blocked`
* Relays can optionally reject queries that would require them to process too many records, or records that are too old
* The maximum number of records that can be processed can optionally be returned as the 4th element in the response
* Example: `blocked: this query is too big`
* `closed`
* Because the `NEG-OPEN` queries may be stateful, relays may choose to time-out inactive queries to recover memory resources
* Example: `closed: you took too long to respond!`
After a `NEG-ERR` is issued, the subscription is considered to be closed.
### Subsequent messages (bidirectional):
Relay and client alternate sending each other `NEG-MSG`s:
```jsonc
[
"NEG-MSG",
<subscription ID string>,
<message, hex-encoded>
]
```
* `message` is a Negentropy binary message, hex-encoded. Both message directions use the same format. See appendix.
### Close message (client to relay):
When finished, the client should tell the relay it can release its resources with a `NEG-CLOSE`:
```jsonc
[
"NEG-CLOSE",
<subscription ID string>
]
```
## Appendix: Negentropy Protocol V1
### Preparation
There are two protocol participants: Client and server. The client creates an initial message and transmits it to the server, which replies with its own message in response. The client continues querying the server until it is satisfied, and then terminates the protocol. Messages in either direction have the same format.
Each participant has a collection of records. A records consists of a 64-bit numeric timestamp and a 256-bit ID. Each participant starts by sorting their items according to timestamp, ascending. If two timestamps are equal then items are sorted lexically by ID, ascending by first differing byte. Items may not use the max uint64 value (`2**64 - 1`) as a timestamp since this is reserved as a special "infinity" value.
The goal of the protocol is for the client to learn the set of IDs that it has and the server does not, and the set of items that the server has and it does not.
### `Varint`
Varints (variable-sized unsigned integers) are represented as base-128 digits, most significant digit first, with as few digits as possible. Bit eight (the high bit) is set on each byte except the last.
Varint := <Digit+128>* <Digit>
### `Id`
IDs are represented as byte-strings of length `32`:
Id := Byte{32}
### `Message`
A reconciliation message is a protocol version byte followed by an ordered list of ranges:
Message := <protocolVersion (Byte)> <Range>*
The current protocol version is 1, represented by the byte `0x61`. Protocol version 2 will be `0x62`, and so forth. If a server receives a message with a protocol version that it cannot handle, it should reply with a single byte containing the highest protocol version it supports, allowing the client to downgrade and retry its message.
Each Range corresponds to a contiguous section of the timestamp/ID space. The first Range starts at timestamp 0 and an ID of 0 bytes. Ranges are always adjacent (no gaps). If the last Range doesn't end at the special infinity value, an implicit `Skip` to infinity Range is appended. This means that the list of Ranges always covers the full timestamp/ID space.
### `Range`
A Range consists of an upper bound, a mode, and a payload:
Range := <upperBound (Bound)> <mode (Varint)> <payload (Skip | Fingerprint | IdList)>
The contents of the payload is determined by mode:
* If `mode = 0`, then payload is `Skip`, meaning the sender does not wish to process this Range further. This payload is empty:
Skip :=
* If `mode = 1`, then payload is a `Fingerprint`, which is a [digest](#fingerprint-algorithm) of all the IDs the sender has within the Range:
Fingerprint := Byte{16}
* If `mode = 2`, the payload is `IdList`, a variable-length list of all IDs the sender has within the Range:
IdList := <length (Varint)> <ids (Id)>*
### `Bound`
Each Range is specified by an *inclusive* lower bound and an *exclusive* upper bound. As defined above, each Range only includes an upper bound: the lower bound of a Range is the upper bound of the previous Range, or 0 timestamp/0 ID for the first Range.
A Bound consists of an encoded timestamp and a variable-length disambiguating prefix of an ID (in case multiple items have the same timestamp):
Bound := <encodedTimestamp (Varint)> <length (Varint)> <idPrefix (Byte)>*
* The timestamp is encoded specially. The infinity timestamp is encoded as `0`. All other values are encoded as `1 + offset`, where offset is the difference between this timestamp and the previously encoded timestamp. The initial offset starts at `0` and resets at the beginning of each message.
Offsets are always non-negative since the upper bound's timestamp is greater than or equal to the lower bound's timestamp, ranges in a message are always encoded in ascending order, and ranges never overlap.
* The size of `idPrefix` is encoded in `length`, and can be between `0` and `32` bytes, inclusive. This allows implementations to use the shortest possible prefix to separate the first record of this Range from the last record of the previous Range. If these records' timestamps differ, then the length should be 0, otherwise it should be the byte-length of their common ID-prefix plus 1.
If the `idPrefix` length is less than `32` then the omitted trailing bytes are implicitly 0 bytes.
### Fingerprint Algorithm
The fingerprint of a Range is computed with the following algorithm:
* Compute the addition mod 2<sup>256</sup> of the element IDs (interpreted as 32-byte little-endian unsigned integers)
* Concatenate with the number of elements in the Range, encoded as a [Varint](#varint)
* Hash with SHA-256
* Take the first 16 bytes

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@ -6,15 +6,14 @@ Threads
`draft` `optional`
A thread is a `kind 11` event. Threads SHOULD include a `subject` with a summary
of the thread's topic.
A thread is a `kind 11` event. Threads SHOULD include a `title`.
```json
{
"kind": 11,
"content": "Good morning",
"tags": [
["subject", "GM"]
["title", "GM"]
]
}
```

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@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ or obvious non-useful information from the query string.
### Attribution
Clients MAY include one or more `p` tags, tagging the original authors of the material being highlighted; this is particularly
useful when highlighting non-nostr content for which the client might be able to get a nostr pubkey somehow
(e.g. prompting the user or reading a `<meta name="nostr:nprofile1..." />` tag on the document). A role MAY be included as the
(e.g. prompting the user or reading a `<link rel="me" href="nostr:nprofile1..." />` tag on the document). A role MAY be included as the
last value of the tag.
```jsonc
@ -40,3 +40,12 @@ last value of the tag.
### Context
Clients MAY include a `context` tag, useful when the highlight is a subset of a paragraph and displaying the
surrounding content might be beneficial to give context to the highlight.
## Quote Highlights
A `comment` tag may be added to create a quote highlight. This MUST be rendered like a quote repost with the highlight as the quoted note.
This is to prevent the creation and multiple notes (highlight + kind 1) for a single highlight action, which looks bad in micro-blogging clients where these notes may appear in succession.
p-tag mentions MUST have a `mention` attribute to distinguish it from authors and editors.
r-tag urls from the comment MUST have a `mention` attribute to distinguish from the highlighted source url. The source url MUST have the `source` attribute.

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@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
NIP-87
======
Ecash Mint Discoverability
--------------------------------
`draft` `optional`
This NIP describes `kind:38173`, `kind:38172` and `kind:38000`: a way to discover ecash mints, their capabilities, and people who recommend them.
## Rationale
Nostr's discoverability and transparent event interaction is one of its most interesting/novel mechanics.
This NIP provides a simple way for users to discover ecash mints recommended by other users and to interact with them.
### Parties involved
There are three actors to this workflow:
* An ecash mint operator, announces their mint and its capabilities.
* Publishes `kind:38173` or `kind:38172`, detailing how to connect to it and its capabilities.
* user A, who recommends an ecash mint
* Publishes `kind:38000`
* user B, who seeks a recommendation for an ecash mint
* Queries for `kind:38000` and, based on results, queries for `kind:38173`/`kind:38172`
## Events
### Recommendation event
```json
{
"kind": 38000,
"pubkey": <recommender-user-pubkey>,
"tags": [
["k", "38173"],
["d", "<d-identifier>"],
["u", <recommended-fedimint-invite-code>],
["a", "38173:fedimint-pubkey:<d-identifier>", "wss://relay1"]
],
"content": "I trust this mint with my life"
}
```
The recommendation event is a parameterized-replaceable event so that a user can change edit their recommendation without creating a new event.
The `d` tag in `kind:38000` is the `kind:38173`/`kind:38172` event identifier this event is recommending, if no event exists, the `d` tag can still be calculated from the mint's pubkey/id.
The `k` tag is the kind number that corresponds to the event kind that the user is recommending, in this case `kind:38173` for fedimints and `kind:38172` for cashu mints.
Optional `u` tags can be added to give a recommend way to connect to the mint.
The value of the tag is the URL or invite code of the ecash mint.
Multiple `u` tags can appear on the same `kind:38000`.
`a` tags are used to point to the `kind:38173`/`kind:38172` event of the ecash mint.
The first value of the tag is the `kind:38173`/`kind:38172` event identifier, the second value of the tag is a relay hint.
This is used to correctly point to the mint's `kind:38173`/`kind:38172` event in case there are duplicates claiming to be the same mint.
The content can be used to give a review.
## Ecash Mint Information
Cashu mints SHOULD publish `kind:38172` events to announce their capabilities and how to connect to them.
For cashu mints, the `u` tag SHOULD be the URL to the cashu mint and it should list the nuts that the cashu mint supports.
The `d` tag SHOULD be the mint's pubkey (found when querying `/v1/info`), this way users can query by pubkey and find the mint announcement.
An `n` tag SHOULD be added to signify the network the cashu mint is on (either `mainnet`, `testnet`, `signet`, or `regtest`)
```json
{
"kind": 38172,
"pubkey": "<application-pubkey>",
"content": "<optional-kind:0-style-metadata>",
"tags": [
["d", <cashu mint pubkey>],
["u", "https://cashu.example.com"],
["nuts", "1,2,3,4,5,6,7"],
["n", "mainnet"]
]
}
```
Fedimints SHOULD publish `kind:38173` events to announce their capabilities and how to connect to them.
For fedimints, it should list all known fedimint invite codes in `u` tags and it should list the modules it supports.
The `d` tag SHOULD be the federation id, this way users can query by federation id and find the fedimint announcement.
An `n` tag SHOULD be added to signify the network the fedimint is on (either `mainnet`, `testnet`, `signet`, or `regtest`)
```json
{
"kind": 38173,
"pubkey": "<application-pubkey>",
"content": "<optional-kind:0-style-metadata>",
"tags": [
["d", <federation-id>],
["u", "fed11abc.."],
["u", "fed11xyz.."],
["modules", "lightning,wallet,mint"],
["n", "signet"]
]
}
```
* `content` is an optional `metadata`-like stringified JSON object, as described in NIP-01. This content is useful when the pubkey creating the `kind:38173` is not a normal user. If `content` is empty, the `kind:0` of the pubkey should be used to display mint information (e.g. name, picture, web, LUD16, etc.)
## Example
### User A recommends some mints
User A might be a user of a cashu mint. Using a client, user A publishes an event recommending the cashu mint they use.
```json
{
"kind": 38000,
"tags": [
["u", "fed11abc..", "fedimint"],
["u", "https://cashu.example.com", "cashu"],
["a", "38173:fedimint-pubkey:<d-identifier>", "wss://relay1", "fedimint"],
["a", "38172:cashu-mint-pubkey:<d-identifier>", "wss://relay2", "cashu"]
],
...
}
```
### User B finds a mint
User B wants to use an ecash wallet, they need to find a mint.
User B's wallet client queries for `kind:38000` events, looking for recommendations for ecash mints.
```json
["REQ", <id>, [{ "kinds": [38000], "authors": [<user>, <users-contact-list>], "#k": ["38173"] }]]
```
User B, who follows User A, sees that `kind:38000` event and tries to connect to the corresponding mints.
### Alternative query bypassing `kind:38000`
Alternatively, users might choose to query directly for `kind:38173` for an event kind. Clients SHOULD be careful doing this and use spam-prevention mechanisms or querying high-quality restricted relays to avoid directing users to malicious handlers.
```json
["REQ", <id>, [{ "kinds": [38173], "authors": [...] }]]
```

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@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
# NIP-88
NIP-88
======
## Polls
Polls
-----
`draft` `optional`

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@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Multiple `a` tags can appear on the same `kind:31989`.
The second value of the tag SHOULD be a relay hint.
The third value of the tag SHOULD be the platform where this recommendation might apply.
## Handler information
### Handler information
```jsonc
{
"kind": 31990,
@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ Multiple tags might be registered by the app, following NIP-19 nomenclature as t
A tag without a second value in the array SHOULD be considered a generic handler for any NIP-19 entity that is not handled by a different tag.
# Client tag
## Client tag
When publishing events, clients MAY include a `client` tag. Identifying the client that published the note. This tag is a tuple of `name`, `address` identifying a handler event and, a relay `hint` for finding the handler event. This has privacy implications for users, so clients SHOULD allow users to opt-out of using this tag.
```jsonc

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@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ All tags are optional.
* `relays`: List of relays where Service Providers SHOULD publish responses to
* `p`: Service Providers the customer is interested in. Other SPs MIGHT still choose to process the job
## Encrypted Params
### Encrypted Params
If the user wants to keep the input parameters a secret, they can encrypt the `i` and `param` tags with the service provider's 'p' tag and add it to the content field. Add a tag `encrypted` as tags. Encryption for private tags will use [NIP-04 - Encrypted Direct Message encryption](04.md), using the user's private and service provider's public key for the shared secret
@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ Service providers publish job results, providing the output of the job result. T
* `amount`: millisats that the Service Provider is requesting to be paid. An optional third value can be a bolt11 invoice.
* `i`: The original input(s) specified in the request.
## Encrypted Output
### Encrypted Output
If the request has encrypted params, then output should be encrypted and placed in `content` field. If the output is encrypted, then avoid including `i` tag with input-data as clear text.
Add a tag encrypted to mark the output content as `encrypted`
@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ Service providers can give feedback about a job back to the customer.
Any job feedback event MIGHT include results in the `.content` field, as described in the [Job Result](#job-result-kind6000-6999) section. This is useful for service providers to provide a sample of the results that have been processed so far.
# Protocol Flow
## Protocol Flow
* Customer publishes a job request (e.g. `kind:5000` speech-to-text).
* Service Providers MAY submit `kind:7000` job-feedback events (e.g. `payment-required`, `processing`, `error`, etc.).
@ -191,24 +191,24 @@ Job feedback (`kind:7000`) and Job Results (`kind:6000-6999`) events MAY include
Customers can always either pay the included `bolt11` invoice or zap the event requesting the payment and service providers should monitor for both if they choose to include a bolt11 invoice.
## Notes about the protocol flow
### Notes about the protocol flow
The flow is deliberately ambiguous, allowing vast flexibility for the interaction between customers and service providers so that service providers can model their behavior based on their own decisions/perceptions of risk.
Some service providers might choose to submit a `payment-required` as the first reaction before sending a `processing` or before delivering results, some might choose to serve partial results for the job (e.g. a sample), send a `payment-required` to deliver the rest of the results, and some service providers might choose to assess likelihood of payment based on an npub's past behavior and thus serve the job results before requesting payment for the best possible UX.
It's not up to this NIP to define how individual vending machines should choose to run their business.
# Cancellation
## Cancellation
A job request might be canceled by publishing a `kind:5` delete request event tagging the job request event.
# Appendix 1: Job chaining
## Appendix 1: Job chaining
A Customer MAY request multiple jobs to be processed as a chain, where the output of a job is the input of another job. (e.g. podcast transcription -> summarization of the transcription). This is done by specifying as input an event id of a different job with the `job` type.
Service Providers MAY begin processing a subsequent job the moment they see the prior job's result, but they will likely wait for a zap to be published first. This introduces a risk that Service Provider of job #1 might delay publishing the zap event in order to have an advantage. This risk is up to Service Providers to mitigate or to decide whether the service provider of job #1 tends to have good-enough results so as to not wait for an explicit zap to assume the job was accepted.
This gives a higher level of flexibility to service providers (which sophisticated service providers would take anyway).
# Appendix 2: Service provider discoverability
## Appendix 2: Service provider discoverability
Service Providers MAY use NIP-89 announcements to advertise their support for job kinds:
```jsonc

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> __Warning__ `unrecommended`: deprecated in favor of [NIP-B7](B7.md)
NIP-96
======

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@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ Classified Listings
This NIP defines `kind:30402`: an addressable event to describe classified listings that list any arbitrary product, service, or other thing for sale or offer and includes enough structured metadata to make them useful.
The category of classifieds includes a very broad range of physical goods, services, work opportunities, rentals, free giveaways, personals, etc. and is distinct from the more strictly structured marketplaces defined in [NIP-15](15.md) that often sell many units of specific products through very specific channels.
The specification supports a broad range of use cases physical goods, services, work opportunities, rentals, free giveaways, personals, etc. To promote interoperability between clients implementing NIP-99 for e-commerce, you can find the extension proposal [here](https://github.com/GammaMarkets/market-spec/blob/main/spec.md) which standardizes the e-commerce use case while maintaining the specification's lightweight and flexible nature. While [NIP-15](15.md) provides a strictly structured marketplace specification, NIP-99 has emerged as a simpler and more flexible alternative.
The structure of these events is very similar to [NIP-23](23.md) long-form content events.
@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ The following tags, used for structured metadata, are standardized and SHOULD be
- `"<number>"` is the amount in numeric format (but included in the tag as a string)
- `"<currency>"` is the currency unit in 3-character ISO 4217 format or ISO 4217-like currency code (e.g. `"btc"`, `"eth"`).
- `"<frequency>"` is optional and can be used to describe recurring payments. SHOULD be in noun format (hour, day, week, month, year, etc.)
- - `"status"` (optional), the status of the listing. SHOULD be either "active" or "sold".
- `"status"` (optional), the status of the listing. SHOULD be either "active" or "sold".
#### `price` examples
@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ The following tags, used for structured metadata, are standardized and SHOULD be
- €15 per month `["price", "15", "EUR", "month"]`
- £50,000 per year `["price", "50000", "GBP", "year"]`
Other standard tags that might be useful.
Other common tags that might be useful.
- `"g"`, a geohash for more precise location

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NIP-A0
======
Voice Messages
-----------
**Status:** Draft
This NIP defines new events `kind: 1222` for root messages and `kind: 1244` for reply messages to be used for short voice messages, typically up to 60 seconds in length.
## Specification
### Event Kind `1222` and Kind `1244`
The `kind: 1222` event is defined as follows:
- `content`: MUST be a URL pointing directly to an audio file.
- The audio file SHOULD be in `audio/mp4` (.m4a) format using AAC or Opus encoding. Clients MAY support other common audio formats like `audio/ogg`, `audio/webm`, or `audio/mpeg` (mp3), but `audio/mp4` is recommended for broad compatibility and efficiency.
- The audio duration SHOULD be no longer than 60 seconds. Clients publishing `kind: 1222` events SHOULD enforce this limit or provide a clear warning to the user if exceeded.
- `tags`:
- Tags MAY be included as per other NIPs (e.g., `t` for hashtags, `g` for geohash, etc.).
The `kind: 1244` event is defined as follows:
- To be used for replies, `kind: 1244` events MUST follow the structure of `NIP-22`.
- `content`: MUST be a URL pointing directly to an audio file.
- The audio file SHOULD be in `audio/mp4` (.m4a) format using AAC or Opus encoding. Clients MAY support other common audio formats like `audio/ogg`, `audio/webm`, or `audio/mpeg` (mp3), but `audio/mp4` is recommended for broad compatibility and efficiency.
- The audio duration SHOULD be no longer than 60 seconds. Clients publishing `kind: 1222` events SHOULD enforce this limit or provide a clear warning to the user if exceeded.
- `tags`:
- Tags MAY be included as per other NIPs (e.g., `t` for hashtags, `g` for geohash, etc.).
## Visual representation with `imeta` (NIP-92) tag (optional)
The following imeta (NIP-92) tags MAY be included so clients can render a visual preview without having to download the audio file first:
- `waveform`: amplitude values over time, space separated full integers, less than 100 values should be enough to render a nice visual
- `duration`: audio length in seconds
## Examples
### Root Voice Message Example
```json
{
"content": "https://blossom.primal.net/5fe7df0e46ee6b14b5a8b8b92939e84e3ca5e3950eb630299742325d5ed9891b.mp4",
"created_at": 1752501052,
"id": "...",
"kind": 1222,
"pubkey": "...",
"sig": "...",
"tags": [
[
"imeta",
"url https://blossom.primal.net/5fe7df0e46ee6b14b5a8b8b92939e84e3ca5e3950eb630299742325d5ed9891b.mp4",
"waveform 0 7 35 8 100 100 49 8 4 16 8 10 7 2 20 10 100 100 100 100 100 100 15 100 100 100 25 60 5 4 3 1 0 100 100 15 100 29 88 0 33 11 39 100 100 19 4 100 42 35 5 0 1 5 0 0 11 38 100 94 17 11 44 58 5 100 100 100 55 14 72 100 100 57 6 1 14 2 16 100 100 40 16 100 100 6 32 14 13 41 36 16 14 6 3 0 1 2 1 6 0",
"duration 8"
]
]
}

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NIP-B0
======
Web Bookmarking
---------------
`draft` `optional`
This NIP defines `kind:39701` for a URI as editable web bookmark which uses the HTTP scheme.
### Format
The format uses `kind:39701`.
The `.content` should be a detailed description of the web bookmark. It can be an empty string.
The `d` tag is just their URL without the scheme, which is always and everywhere assumed to be `https://` or `http://`.
In this way web bookmarks events can be queried by the `d` tag by clients.
### Metadata
Metadata fields can be added as tags to the event as necessary.
* `"t"`, for "tags"/"hashtags" (i.e. topics about which the event might be of relevance)
* `"published_at"`, for the timestamp in unix seconds (stringified) of the first time the bookmark was published
* `"title"`, title about bookmark and can be used as a attribute for the HTML link element
## Example event
```jsonc
{
"kind": 39701,
"id": "d7a92714f81d0f712e715556aee69ea6da6bfb287e6baf794a095d301d603ec7",
"pubkey": "2729620da105979b22acfdfe9585274a78c282869b493abfa4120d3af2061298",
"created_at": 1738869705,
"tags": [
// Required tags
["d", "alice.blog/post"],
// Optional tags
["published_at", "1738863000"],
["title", "Blog insights by Alice"],
["t", "post"],
["t", "insight"]
],
"content": "A marvelous insight by Alice about the nature of blogs and posts.",
"sig": "36d34e6448fe0223e9999361c39c492a208bc423d2fcdfc2a3404e04df7c22dc65bbbd62dbe8a4373c62e4d29aac285b5aa4bb9b4b8053bd6207a8b45fbd0c98"
}
```
### Replies & Comments
Replies to `kind 39701` MUST use `kind 1111` events as comments with [NIP-22](22.md).

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@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
NIP-B7
======
Blossom media
-------------
`draft` `optional`
This NIP specifies how Nostr clients can use [Blossom][] for handling media.
Blossom is a set of standards (called BUDs) for dealing with servers that store files addressable by their SHA-256 sums. Nostr clients may make use of all the BUDs for allowing users to upload files, manage their own files and so on, but most importantly Nostr clients SHOULD make use of [BUD-03][] to fetch `kind:10063` lists of servers for each user:
```json
{
"id": "e4bee088334cb5d38cff1616e964369c37b6081be997962ab289d6c671975d71",
"pubkey": "781208004e09102d7da3b7345e64fd193cd1bc3fce8fdae6008d77f9cabcd036",
"content": "",
"kind": 10063,
"created_at": 1708774162,
"tags": [
["server", "https://blossom.self.hosted"],
["server", "https://cdn.blossom.cloud"]
],
"sig": "cc5efa74f59e80622c77cacf4dd62076bcb7581b45e9acff471e7963a1f4d8b3406adab5ee1ac9673487480e57d20e523428e60ffcc7e7a904ac882cfccfc653"
}
```
Whenever a Nostr client finds a URL in an event published by a given user and that URL ends a 64-character hex string (with or without an ending file extension) and that URL is not available anymore, that means that string is likely a representation of a sha256 and that the user may have a `kind:10063` list of Blossom servers published.
Given that, the client SHOULD look into the `kind:10063` list for other Blossom servers and lookup for the same 64-character hex string in them, by just using the hex string as a path (optionally with the file extension at the end), producing a URL like `https://blossom.self.hosted/<hex-string>.png`.
When downloading such files Nostr clients SHOULD verify that the sha256-hash of its contents matches the 64-character hex string.
More information can be found at [BUD-03][].
### More complex interactions
Clients may use other facilities exposed by Blossom servers (for example, for checking if a file exists in a Blossom server, instead of actually downloading it) which are better documented in the [BUDs][Blossom].
[Blossom]: https://github.com/hzrd149/blossom
[BUD-03]: https://github.com/hzrd149/blossom/blob/master/buds/03.md

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# Breaking Changes
This is a history of NIP changes that potentially break pre-existing implementations, in
reverse chronological order.
| Date | Commit | NIP | Change |
| ----------- | --------- | -------- | ------ |
| 2025-02-14 | [81908b6e](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/81908b6e) | [07](07.md), [46](46.md), [55](55.md) | `getRelays` and `get_relays` were removed |
| 2025-02-07 | [0023ca81](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/0023ca81) | [10](10.md) | `"mention"` marker was removed |
| 2025-01-31 | [6a4b125a](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/6a4b125a) | [71](71.md) | video events were changed to regular |
| 2024-12-05 | [6d16019e](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/6d16019e) | [46](46.md) | message encryption was changed to NIP-44 |
| 2024-11-12 | [2838e3bd](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/2838e3bd) | [29](29.md) | `kind: 12` and `kind: 10` were removed (use `kind: 1111` instead) |
| 2024-11-12 | [926a51e7](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/926a51e7) | [46](46.md) | NIP-05 login was removed |
| 2024-11-12 | [926a51e7](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/926a51e7) | [46](46.md) | `create_account` method was removed |
| 2024-11-12 | [926a51e7](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/926a51e7) | [46](46.md) | `connect` params and result were changed |
| 2024-10-29 | [f1e8d2c4](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/f1e8d2c4) | [46](46.md) | bunker URL should use `remote-signer-key` |
| 2024-10-15 | [1cda2dcc](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/1cda2dcc) | [71](71.md) | some tags were replaced with `imeta` tag |
| 2024-10-15 | [1cda2dcc](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/1cda2dcc) | [71](71.md) | `kind: 34237` was dropped |
| 2024-10-07 | [7bb8997b](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/7bb8997b) | [55](55.md) | some fields and passing data were changed |
| 2024-08-18 | [3aff37bd](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/3aff37bd) | [54](54.md) | content should be Asciidoc |
| 2024-07-31 | [3ea2f1a4](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/3ea2f1a4) | [45](45.md) | [444ad28d](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/444ad28d) was reverted |
| 2024-07-30 | [444ad28d](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/444ad28d) | [45](45.md) | NIP-45 was deprecated |
| 2024-07-26 | [ecee40df](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/ecee40df) | [19](19.md) | `nrelay` was deprecated |
| 2024-07-23 | [0227a2cd](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/0227a2cd) | [01](01.md) | events should be sorted by id after created_at |
| 2024-06-06 | [58e94b20](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/58e94b20) | [25](25.md) | [8073c848](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/8073c848) was reverted |
| 2024-06-06 | [a6dfc7b5](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/a6dfc7b5) | [55](55.md) | NIP number was changed |
| 2024-05-25 | [5d1d1c17](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/5d1d1c17) | [71](71.md) | `aes-256-gcm` tag was removed |
| 2024-05-07 | [8073c848](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/8073c848) | [25](25.md) | e-tags were changed to not include entire thread |
| 2024-04-30 | [bad88262](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/bad88262) | [34](34.md) | `earliest-unique-commit` tag was removed (use `r` tag instead) |
| 2024-02-25 | [4a171cb0](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/4a171cb0) | [18](18.md) | quote repost should use `q` tag |
| 2024-02-21 | [c6cd655c](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/c6cd655c) | [46](46.md) | Params were stringified |
| 2024-02-16 | [cbec02ab](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/cbec02ab) | [49](49.md) | Password first normalized to NFKC |
| 2024-02-15 | [afbb8dd0](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/afbb8dd0) | [39](39.md) | PGP identity was removed |
| 2024-02-07 | [d3dad114](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/d3dad114) | [46](46.md) | Connection token format was changed |
| 2024-01-30 | [1a2b21b6](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/1a2b21b6) | [59](59.md) | `p` tag became optional |
| 2023-01-27 | [c2f34817](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/c2f34817) | [47](47.md) | optional expiration tag should be honored |
| 2024-01-10 | [3d8652ea](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/3d8652ea) | [02](02.md), [51](51.md) | list entries should be chronological |
| 2023-12-30 | [29869821](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/29869821) | [52](52.md) | `name` tag was removed (use `title` tag instead) |
| 2023-12-27 | [17c67ef5](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/17c67ef5) | [94](94.md) | `aes-256-gcm` tag was removed |
| 2023-12-03 | [0ba45895](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/0ba45895) | [01](01.md) | WebSocket status code `4000` was replaced by `CLOSED` message |
| 2023-11-28 | [6de35f9e](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/6de35f9e) | [89](89.md) | `client` tag value was changed |
| 2023-11-20 | [7822a8b1](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/7822a8b1) | [51](51.md) | `kind: 30001` was deprecated |
| 2023-11-20 | [7822a8b1](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/7822a8b1) | [51](51.md) | the meaning of `kind: 30000` was changed |
| 2023-11-11 | [cbdca1e9](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/cbdca1e9) | [84](84.md) | `range` tag was removed |
| 2023-11-10 | [c945d8bd](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/c945d8bd) | [32](32.md) | `l` tag annotations was removed |
| 2023-11-07 | [108b7f16](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/108b7f16) | [01](01.md) | `OK` message must have 4 items |
| 2023-10-17 | [cf672b76](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/cf672b76) | [03](03.md) | `block` tag was removed |
| 2023-09-29 | [7dc6385f](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/7dc6385f) | [57](57.md) | optional `a` tag was included in `zap receipt` |
| 2023-08-21 | [89915e02](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/89915e02) | [11](11.md) | `min_prefix` was removed |
| 2023-08-20 | [37c4375e](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/37c4375e) | [01](01.md) | replaceable events with same timestamp should be retained event with lowest id |
| 2023-08-15 | [88ee873c](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/88ee873c) | [15](15.md) | `countries` tag was renamed to `regions` |
| 2023-08-14 | [72bb8a12](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/72bb8a12) | [12](12.md), [16](16.md), [20](20.md), [33](33.md) | NIP-12, 16, 20 and 33 were merged into NIP-01 |
| 2023-08-11 | [d87f8617](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/d87f8617) | [25](25.md) | empty `content` should be considered as "+" |
| 2023-08-01 | [5d63b157](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/5d63b157) | [57](57.md) | `zap` tag was changed |
| 2023-07-15 | [d1814405](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/d1814405) | [01](01.md) | `since` and `until` filters should be `since <= created_at <= until` |
| 2023-07-12 | [a1cd2bd8](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/a1cd2bd8) | [25](25.md) | custom emoji was supported |
| 2023-06-18 | [83cbd3e1](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/83cbd3e1) | [11](11.md) | `image` was renamed to `icon` |
| 2023-04-13 | [bf0a0da6](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/bf0a0da6) | [15](15.md) | different NIP was re-added as NIP-15 |
| 2023-04-09 | [fb5b7c73](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/fb5b7c73) | [15](15.md) | NIP-15 was merged into NIP-01 |
| 2023-03-29 | [599e1313](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/599e1313) | [18](18.md) | NIP-18 was bring back |
| 2023-03-15 | [e1004d3d](https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/commit/e1004d3d) | [19](19.md) | `1: relay` was changed to optionally |
Breaking changes prior to 2023-03-01 are not yet documented.
## NOTES
- If it isn't clear that a change is breaking or not, we list it.
- The date is the date it was merged, not necessarily the date of the commit.

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NIP-C0
======
Code Snippets
-------------
`draft` `optional`
## Abstract
This NIP defines a new event kind for sharing and storing code snippets. Unlike regular text notes (`kind:1`), code snippets have specialized metadata like language, extension, and other code-specific attributes that enhance discoverability, syntax highlighting, and improved user experience.
## Event Kind
This NIP defines `kind:1337` as a code snippet event.
The `.content` field contains the actual code snippet text.
## Optional Tags
- `l` - Programming language name (lowercase). Examples: "javascript", "python", "rust"
- `name` - Name of the code snippet, commonly a filename. Examples: "hello-world.js", "quick-sort.py"
- `extension` - File extension (without the dot). Examples: "js", "py", "rs"
- `description` - Brief description of what the code does
- `runtime` - Runtime or environment specification (e.g., "node v18.15.0", "python 3.11")
- `license` - License under which the code is shared (e.g., "MIT", "GPL-3.0", "Apache-2.0")
- `dep` - Dependency required for the code to run (can be repeated)
- `repo` - Reference to a repository where this code originates
## Format
```json
{
"id": "<32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded SHA-256 of the the serialized event data>",
"pubkey": "<32-bytes lowercase hex-encoded public key of the event creator>",
"created_at": <Unix timestamp in seconds>,
"kind": 1337,
"content": "function helloWorld() {\n console.log('Hello, Nostr!');\n}\n\nhelloWorld();",
"tags": [
["l", "javascript"],
["extension", "js"],
["name", "hello-world.js"],
["description", "A basic JavaScript function that prints 'Hello, Nostr!' to the console"],
["runtime", "node v18.15.0"],
["license", "MIT"],
["repo", "https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nostr"]
],
"sig": "<64-bytes signature of the id>"
}
```
## Client Behavior
Clients that support this NIP SHOULD:
1. Display code snippets with proper syntax highlighting based on the language.
2. Allow copying the full code snippet with a single action.
3. Render the code with appropriate formatting, preserving whitespace and indentation.
4. Display the language and extension prominently.
5. Provide "run" functionality for supported languages when possible.
6. Display the description (if available) as part of the snippet presentation.
Clients MAY provide additional functionality such as:
1. Code editing capabilities
2. Forking/modifying snippets
3. Creating executable environments based on the runtime/dependencies
4. Downloading the snippet as a file using the provided extension
5. Sharing the snippet with attribution

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# NIP-EE
## E2EE Messaging using the Messaging Layer Security (MLS) Protocol
`draft` `optional`
This NIP standardizes how to use the [MLS Protocol](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9420.html) with Nostr for efficient and E2EE (end-to-end encrypted) direct and group messaging.
## Context
Originally, one-to-one direct messages (DMs) in Nostr happened via the scheme defined in [NIP-04](04.md). This NIP is not recommended because, while it encrypts the content of the message (provides decent confidentiality), it leaks significant amounts of metadata about the parties involved in the conversation (completely lacks privacy).
With the addition of [NIP-44](44.md), we have an updated encryption scheme that improves confidentiality guarantees but stops short of defining a new scheme for doing direct messages using this encryption scheme. Hence, makes little to no difference to privacy.
Most recently, [NIP-17](17.md) combines [NIP-44](44.md) encryption with [NIP-59](59.md) gift-wrapping to hide the encrypted direct message inside another set of events to ensure that it's impossible to see who is talking to who and when messages passed between the users. This largely solves the metadata leakage problem; while it's still possible to see that a user is receiving gift-wrapped events, you can't tell from whom and what kind of events are within the gift-wrap outer event. This gives some degree of deniability/repudiation but doesn't solve forward secrecy or post compromise security. That is to say, if a user's private key (or the calculated conversation key shared between two users used to encrypt messages) is compromised, the attacker will have full access to all past and future DMs sent between those users.
In addition, neither [NIP-04](04.md) or [NIP-17](17.md) attempt to solve the problem of group messages.
### Why is this important?
Without proper E2EE, Nostr cannot be used as the protocol for secure messaging clients. While clients like Signal do a fantastic job with E2EE, they still rely on centralized servers and as a result can be shut down by a powerful (i.e. state-level) actor. The goal of Nostr is not only to protect against centralized entities censoring you and your communications, but also protect against the ability of a state-level actor to stop these sorts of services from existing in the first place. By replacing centralized servers with decentralized relays, we make it nearly impossible for a centralized actor to completely stop communications between individual users.
### Goals of this NIP
1. Private _and_ Confidential DMs and Group messages
1. **Private** means that an observer cannot tell that Alice and Bob are talking to one another, or that Alice is part of a specific group. This necessarily requires protecting metadata.
2. **Confidential** means that the contents of conversations can only be viewed by the intended recipients.
2. Forward secrecy and Post-compromise security
1. **Forward secrecy** means that encrypted content in the past remains encrypted even if a key material is leaked.
2. **Post compromise security** means that leaking key material doesn't allow an attacker to continue to read messages indefinitely into the future.
3. Scales efficiently for large groups
4. Allows for the use of multiple device/clients in a single conversation/group.
### Why MLS?
This scheme adapts the Message Layer Security (MLS) protocol for use with Nostr. You can think of MLS as an evolution of the Signal Protocol. However, it significantly improves the scalability of encryption operations for large group messaging significantly (linear -> log), is built to accommodate federated environments, and also allows for graceful updating of ciphersuites and versions over time. In addition, it's very flexible and agnostic about the message content that is sent.
It's beyond the scope of this NIP to explain the MLS protocol but you can read more about it in it's [Architectural Overview](https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-ietf-mls-architecture-13.html) or the [RFC](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9420). MLS is on track to become an internet standard under the IETF so the protocol itself is extremely well vetted and researched. This also means there is the potential for cross network messaging interoperability in the future as MLS gains more adoption.
## Core MLS Concepts
From the [MLS Architectural Overview](https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-ietf-mls-architecture-13.html):
> MLS provides a way for clients to form groups within which they can communicate securely. For example, a set of users might use clients on their phones or laptops to join a group and communicate with each other. A group may be as small as two clients (e.g., for simple person to person messaging) or as large as hundreds of thousands. A client that is part of a group is a member of that group. As groups change membership and group or member properties, they advance from one epoch to another and the cryptographic state of the group evolves.
>
> The group is represented as a tree, which represents the members as the leaves of a tree. It is used to efficiently encrypt to subsets of the members. Each member has a state called a LeafNode object holding the client's identity, credentials, and capabilities.
The MLS protocol's job is to manage and evolve the cryptographic state of a group. This includes managing the membership of a group, the cryptographic state of a group (ratchet tree, keys, and encryption/decryption/authentication of messages), and managing the evolution of the group over time.
### Groups
Groups are created by their first member, who then invites one or more other members. Groups evolve over time in blocks called `Epochs`. New epochs are proposed via one ore more `Proposal` messages and then committed to via a `Commit` message.
### Clients
The device/client pair (e.g. Primal on iOS or Coracle on web) with which a user joins the group is represented as a `LeafNode` in the tree. The terms `Client` and `Member` are interchangeable in this regard. It is not possible to share group state across multiple `Clients`. If a user joins a group from 2 separate devices, their state is separate and they will be tracked as 2 separate members of the group.
### Messages
There are several different types of messages sent within a group. Some of these are control messages that are used to update the group state over time. These include `Welcome`, `Proposal`, and `Commit` messages. Others are the actual messages that are sent between members in a group. These include `Application` messages.
Messages in MLS are "framed". Meaning that they are wrapped in a data structure that includes information about the sender, the epoch, the message index within the epoch and the message content. This framing makes it possible to authenticate and decrypt messages correctly, even if they arrive out of order.
MLS is agnostic to the "content" of the messages that are sent. This is a key feature of MLS that allows for the use of MLS for a wide variety of applications.
MLS is also agnostic to the transport protocol that is used to send messages. Obviously for us, we'll be using websockets, Nostr events and relays.
## The focus of this NIP
This NIP focuses on how to use Nostr to perform the Authentication Service and Delivery Service functions required by the MLS protocol. Most clients will choose to use an MLS implementation to handle keys, ratcheting, group state management, and other aspects of the MLS protocol itself. [OpenMLS](https://github.com/openmls/openmls) is the most actively developed library that implements MLS.
This NIP specifies the following:
1. A standardized way that Nostr clients should [create MLS groups](#creating-groups).
2. The required format of the MLS [`Credential`](#mls-credentials) that Nostr clients should use to represent a Nostr user in a group.
3. The structure of [KeyPackage Events](#keypackage-event-and-signing-keys) published to relays that allow Nostr users to be added to a group asynchronously.
4. The structure of [Group Events](#group-events) published to relays that represent the evolution of a group's state and the contents of the messages sent in the group.
## Security Considerations
This is a concise overview of the security trade-offs and considerations of this NIP in various scenarios. The NIP strives to fully maintain MLS security guarantees.
### Forward Secrecy and Post-compromise Security
- As per the MLS spec, keys are deleted as soon as they are used to encrypt or decrypt a message. This is usually handled by the MLS implementation library itself but attention needs to be paid by clients to ensure they're not storing secrets (especially the [exporter secret](#group-events)) for longer than absolutely necessary.
- This NIP maintains MLS forward secrecy and post-compromise security guarantees. You can read more about those in the MLS Architectural Overview section on [Forward Secrecy and Post-compromise Security](https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-ietf-mls-architecture-15.html#name-forward-and-post-compromise).
### Leakage of various keys
- This NIP does not depend on a user's Nostr identity key for any aspect of the MLS messaging protocol. Compromise of a user's Nostr identity key does not give access to past or future messages in any MLS-based group.
- For a complete discussion of MLS key leakage, please see the Endpoint Compromise section of the [MLS Architectural Overview](https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-ietf-mls-architecture-15.html#name-endpoint-compromise).
### Metadata
- The only group specific metadata published to relays is the Nostr group ID value. This value is used to identify the group in the `h` tag of the Group Message Event (`kind: 445`). These events are published ephemerally and this Nostr group ID value can be updated over the lifetime of the group by group admins. This is a tradeoff to ensure that group participants and group size are obfuscated but still makes it possible to efficiently fan out group messages to all participants. The content field of this event is a value encrypted in two separate ways (using NIP-44 and MLS) with MLS group state/keys. Only group members with up-to-date group state can decrypt and read these messages.
- A user's key package events can be used one or more times to be added to groups. There is a tradeoff inherent here: Reusing key packages (initial signing keys) carries some degree of risk but this risk is mitigated as long as a user rotates their signing key immediately upon joining a group. This step also improves the forward secrecy of the entire group.
### Device Compromise
Clients implementing this NIP should take every precaution to ensure that data is stored in a secure way on the device and is protected against unwanted access in the case that a device is compromised (e.g. encryption at rest, biometric authentication, etc.). That said, full device compromise should be viewed as a catastrophic event and any group the compromised device was a part of should be considered compromised until they can remove that member and update their group's state. Some suggestions:
- Clients should support and encourage self-destructing messages (ensuring that full transcript history isn't available on a device forever).
- Clients should regularly suggest to group admins that inactive users be removed.
- Clients should regularly suggest (or automatically) rotate a user's signing key in each of their groups.
- Clients should encrypt group state and keys on the device using a secret value that isn't part of the group state or the user's Nostr identity key.
- Clients should use secure enclave storage where possible.
For a full discussion of the security considerations of MLS, please see the Security Considerations section of the [MLS RFC](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9420.html#name-security-considerations).
## Creating groups
MLS Groups are created with a random 32-byte ID value that is effectively permanent. This ID should be treated as private to the group and MUST not be published to relays in any form.
Clients must also ensure that the ciphersuite, capabilities, and extensions they use when creating the group are compatible with those advertised by the users they'd like to invite to the group. They can check this info via the user's published KeyPackage Events.
When creating a new group, the following MLS extensions MUST be used.
- [`required_capabilities`](https://docs.rs/openmls/latest/openmls/extensions/struct.RequiredCapabilitiesExtension.html)
- [`ratchet_tree`](https://docs.rs/openmls/latest/openmls/extensions/struct.RatchetTreeExtension.html)
- [`nostr_group_data`](https://github.com/rust-nostr/nostr/blob/master/mls/nostr-mls/src/extension.rs)
And the following MLS extension is highly recommended (more [here](#keypackage-event-and-signing-keys)):
- [`last_resort`](https://docs.rs/openmls/latest/openmls/extensions/struct.LastResortExtension.html)
Changes to an MLS group are affected by first creating one or more `Proposal` events and then committing to a set of proposals in a `Commit` event. These are MLS events, not Nostr events. However, for the group state to properly evolve the Commit events (which represent a specific set of proposals - like adding a new user to the group) must be published to relays for the other group members to see. See [Group Messages](#group-events) for more information.
## MLS Credentials
A `Credential` in MLS is an assertion of who the user is coupled with a signing key. When constructing `Credentials` for MLS, clients MUST use the `BasicCredential` type and set the `identity` value as the 32-byte hex-encoded public key of the user's Nostr identity key. Clients MUST not allow users to change the identity field and MUST validate that all `Proposal` messages do not attempt to change the identity field on any credential in the group.
A `Credential` also has an associated signing key. The initial signing key for a user is included in the KeyPackage event. The signing key MUST be different from the user's Nostr identity key. This signing key SHOULD be rotated over time to provide improved post-compromise security.
## Nostr Group Data Extension
As mentioned above, the `nostr_group_data` extension is a required MLS extension used to associate Nostr-specific data with an MLS group in a cryptographically secure and proveable way. This extension MUST be included as a required capability when creating a new group.
The extension stores the following data about the group:
- `nostr_group_id`: A 32-byte ID for the group. This is a different value from the group ID used by MLS and CAN be changed over time. This value is the group ID value used in the `h` tags when sending group message events.
- `name`: The name of the group.
- `description`: A short description of the group.
- `admin_pubkeys`: An array of the hex-encoded public keys of the group admins. The MLS protocol itself does not have a concept of group admins. Clients MUST check the list of `admin_pubkeys` before making any change to the group data (anything in this extension), or before changing group membership (add/remove members), or updating any other aspect of the group itself (e.g. ciphersuite, etc.). Note, all members of the group can send `Proposal` and `Commits` messages for changes to their own credentials (e.g. updating their signing key).
- `relays`: An array of the Nostr relay URLs that the group uses to publish and receive messages.
All of these values can be updated over time using MLS `Proposal` and `Commit` events (by group admins).
## KeyPackage Event and Signing Keys
Each user that wishes to be reachable via MLS-based messaging MUST first publish at least one KeyPackage event. The KeyPackage Event is used to authenticate users and create the necessary `Credential` to add members to groups in an asynchronous way. Users can publish multiple KeyPackage Events with different parameters (supporting different ciphersuites or MLS extensions, for example). KeyPackages include a signing key that is used for signing MLS messages within a group. This signing key MUST not be the same as the user's Nostr identity key.
KeyPackage reuse SHOULD be minimized. However, in normal MLS use, KeyPackages are consumed when joining a group. In order to reduce race conditions between invites for multiple groups using the same Key Package, Nostr clients SHOULD use "Last resort" KeyPackages. This requires the inclusion of the `last_resort` extension on the KeyPackage's capabilities (same as with the Group).
It's important that clients immediately rotate a user's signing key after joining a group via a last resort key package to improve post-compromise security. The signing key (the public key included in the KeyPackage Event) is used for signing within the group. Therefore, clients implementing this NIP MUST ensure that they retain access to the private key material of the signing key for each group they are a member of.
In most cases, it's assumed that clients implementing this NIP will manage the creation and rotation of KeyPackage Events.
### Example KeyPackage Event
```json
{
"id": <id>,
"kind": 443,
"created_at": <unix timestamp in seconds>,
"pubkey": <main identity pubkey>,
"content": "",
"tags": [
["mls_protocol_version", "1.0"],
["ciphersuite", <MLS CipherSuite ID value e.g. "0x0001">],
["extensions", <An array of MLS Extension ID values e.g. "0x0001, 0x0002">],
["client", <client name>, <handler event id>, <optional relay url>],
["relays", <array of relay urls>],
["-"]
],
"sig": <signed with main identity key>
}
```
- The `content` hex encoded serialized `KeyPackageBundle` from MLS.
- The `mls_protocol_version` tag is required and MUST be the version number of the MLS protocol version being used. For now, this is `1.0`.
- The `ciphersuite` tag is the value of the MLS ciphersuite that this KeyPackage Event supports. [Read more about ciphersuites in MLS](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9420.html#name-mls-cipher-suites).
- The `extensions` tag is an array of MLS extension IDs that this KeyPackage Event supports. [Read more about MLS extensions](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9420.html#name-extensions).
- (optional) The `client` tag helps other clients manage the user experience when they receive group invites but don't have access to the signing key.
- The `relays` tag identifies each of the relays that the client will attempt to publish this KeyPackage event. This allows for deletion of KeyPackage Events at a later date.
- (optional) The `-` tag can be used to ensure that KeyPackage Events are only published by their authenticated author. Read more in [NIP-70](70.md)
### Deleting KeyPackage Events
Clients SHOULD delete the KeyPackage Event on all the listed relays any time they successfully process a group request event for a given KeyPackage Event. Clients MAY also create a new KeyPackage Event at the same time.
If clients cannot process a Welcome message (e.g. because the signing key was generated on another client), clients MUST not delete the KeyPackage Event and SHOULD show a human-understandable error to the user.
### Rotating Signing Keys
Clients MUST regularly rotate the user's signing key in each group that they are a part of. The more often the signing key is rotated the stronger the post-compromise security. This rotation is done via `Proposal` and `Commit` events and broadcast to the group via a Group Event. [Read more about forward secrecy and post-compromise security inherent in MLS](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9420.html#name-forward-secrecy-and-post-co).
### KeyPackage Relays List Event
A `kind: 10051` event indicates the relays that a user will publish their KeyPackage Events to. The event MUST include a list of relay tags with relay URIs. These relays SHOULD be readable by anyone the user wants to be able to contact them.
```json
{
"kind": 10051,
"tags": [
["relay", "wss://inbox.nostr.wine"],
["relay", "wss://myrelay.nostr1.com"],
],
"content": "",
//...other fields
}
```
### Welcome Event
When a new user is added to a group via an MLS `Commit` message. The member who sends the `Commit` message to the group is responsible for sending the user being added to the group a Welcome Event. This Welcome Event is sent to the user as a [NIP-59](59.md) gift-wrapped event. The Welcome Event gives the new member the context they need to join the group and start sending messages.
Clients creating the Welcome Event SHOULD wait until they have received acknowledgement from relays that their Group Event with the `Commit` has been received before publishing the Welcome Event.
```json
{
"id": <id>,
"kind": 444,
"created_at": <unix timestamp in seconds>,
"pubkey": <nostr identity pubkey of sender>,
"content": <serialized Welcome object>,
"tags": [
["e", <ID of the KeyPackage Event used to add the user to the group>],
["relays", <array of relay urls>],
],
"sig": <NOT SIGNED>
}
```
- The `content` field is required and is a serialized MLSMessage object containing the MLS `Welcome` object.
- The `e` tag is required and is the ID of the KeyPackage Event used to add the user to the group.
- The `relays` tag is required and is a list of relays clients should query for Group Events.
Welcome Events are then sealed and gift-wrapped as detailed in [NIP-59](59.md) before being published. Like all events that are sealed and gift-wrapped, `kind: 444` events MUST never be signed. This ensures that if they were ever leaked they would not be publishable to relays.
#### Large Groups
For groups above ~150 participants, welcome messages will become larger than the maximum event size allowed by Nostr. There is currently work underway on the MLS protocol to support "light" client welcomes that don't require the full Ratchet Tree state to be sent to the new member. This section will be updated with recommendations for how to handle large groups.
## Group Events
Group Events are all the messages that are sent within a group. This includes all "control" events that update the shared group state over time (`Proposal`, `Commit`) and messages sent between members of the group (`Application` messages).
Group Events are published using an ephemeral Nostr keypair to obfuscate the number and identity of group participants. Clients MUST use a new Nostr keypair for each Group Event they publish.
```json
{
"id": <id>,
"kind": 445,
"created_at": <unix timestamp in seconds>,
"pubkey": <ephemeral sender pubkey>,
"content": <NIP-44 encrypted serialized MLSMessage object>,
"tags": [
["h", <group id>]
],
"sig": <signed with ephemeral sender key>
}
```
- The `content` field is a [tls-style](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9420.html#name-the-message-mls-media-type) serialized [`MLSMessage`](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9420.html#section-6-4) object which is then encrypted according to [NIP-44](44.md). However, instead of using the sender and receivers keys to derive a `conversation_key`, the NIP-44 encryption is done using a Nostr keypair generated from the MLS [`exporter_secret`](https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9420.html#section-8.5) to calculate the `conversation_key` value. Essentially, you use the hex-encoded `exporter_secret` value as the private key (used as the sender key), calculate the public key for that private key (used as the receiver key), and then proceed with the standard NIP-44 scheme to encrypt and decrypt messages.
- The `exporter_secret` value should be generated with a 32-byte length and labeled `nostr`. This `exporter_secret` value is rotated on each new epoch in the group. Clients should generate a new 32-byte value each time they process a valid `Commit` message.
- The `pubkey` is the hex-encoded public key of the ephemeral sender.
- The `h` tag is the nostr group ID value (from the Nostr Group Data Extension).
### Application Messages
Application messages are the messages that are sent within the group by members. These are contained within the `MLSMessage` object. The format of these messages should be unsigned Nostr events of the appropriate kind. For normal DM or group messages, clents SHOULD use `kind: 9` chat message events. If the user reacts to a message, it would be a `kind: 7` event, and so on.
This means that once the application message has been decrypted and deserialized, clients can store those events and treat them as any other Nostr event, effectively creating a private Nostr feed of the group's activity and taking advantage of all the features of Nostr.
These inner unsigned Nostr events MUST use the member's Nostr identity key for the `pubkey` field and clients MUST check that the identity of them member who sent the message matches the pubkey of the inner Nostr event.
These Nostr events MUST remain **unsigned** to ensure that if they were to leak to relays they would not be published publicly. These Nostr events MUST not include any "h" tags or other tags that would identify the group that they belong to.
### `Commit` Message race conditions
The MLS protocol is resilient to almost all messages arriving out of order. However, the order of `Commit` messages is important for the group state to move forward from one epoch to the next correctly. Given Nostr's nature as a decentralized network, it is possible for a client to receive 2 or more `Commit` messages all attempting to update to a new epoch at the same time.
Clients sending commit messages MUST wait until they receive acknowledgement from at least one relay that their Group Message Event with the `Commit` has been received before applying the commit to their own group state.
If a client receives 2 or more `Commit` messages attempting to change same epoch, they MUST apply only one of the `Commit` messages they receive, determined by the following:
1. Using the `created_at` timestamp on the kind `445` event. The `Commit` with the lowest value for `created_at` is the message to be applied. The other `Commit` message is discarded.
2. If the `created_at` timestamp is the same for two or more `Commit` messages, the `Commit` message with the lowest value for `id` field is the message to be applied.
Clients SHOULD retain previous group state for a short period of time in order to recover from forked group state.

View File

@ -11,11 +11,10 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
- [Message Types](#message-types)
- [Client to Relay](#client-to-relay)
- [Relay to Client](#relay-to-client)
- [Standardized Tags](#standardized-tags)
- [Common Tags](#common-tags)
- [Criteria for acceptance of NIPs](#criteria-for-acceptance-of-nips)
- [Is this repository a centralizing factor?](#is-this-repository-a-centralizing-factor)
- [How this repository works](#how-this-repository-works)
- [Breaking Changes](#breaking-changes)
- [License](#license)
---
@ -44,7 +43,7 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
- [NIP-23: Long-form Content](23.md)
- [NIP-24: Extra metadata fields and tags](24.md)
- [NIP-25: Reactions](25.md)
- [NIP-26: Delegated Event Signing](26.md)
- [NIP-26: Delegated Event Signing](26.md) --- **unrecommended**: adds unnecessary burden for little gain
- [NIP-27: Text Note References](27.md)
- [NIP-28: Public Chat](28.md)
- [NIP-29: Relay-based Groups](29.md)
@ -88,22 +87,28 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
- [NIP-72: Moderated Communities](72.md)
- [NIP-73: External Content IDs](73.md)
- [NIP-75: Zap Goals](75.md)
- [NIP-77: Negentropy Syncing](77.md)
- [NIP-78: Application-specific data](78.md)
- [NIP-7D: Threads](7D.md)
- [NIP-84: Highlights](84.md)
- [NIP-86: Relay Management API](86.md)
- [NIP-87: Ecash Mint Discoverability](87.md)
- [NIP-88: Polls](88.md)
- [NIP-89: Recommended Application Handlers](89.md)
- [NIP-90: Data Vending Machines](90.md)
- [NIP-92: Media Attachments](92.md)
- [NIP-94: File Metadata](94.md)
- [NIP-96: HTTP File Storage Integration](96.md)
- [NIP-96: HTTP File Storage Integration](96.md) --- **unrecommended**: replaced by blossom APIs
- [NIP-98: HTTP Auth](98.md)
- [NIP-99: Classified Listings](99.md)
- [NIP-7D: Threads](7D.md)
- [NIP-A0: Voice Messages](A0.md)
- [NIP-B0: Web Bookmarks](B0.md)
- [NIP-B7: Blossom](B7.md)
- [NIP-C0: Code Snippets](C0.md)
- [NIP-C7: Chats](C7.md)
- [NIP-EE: E2EE Messaging using MLS Protocol](EE.md)
## Event Kinds
| kind | description | NIP |
| ------------- | ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| `0` | User Metadata | [01](01.md) |
@ -138,6 +143,9 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
| `44` | Channel Mute User | [28](28.md) |
| `62` | Request to Vanish | [62](62.md) |
| `64` | Chess (PGN) | [64](64.md) |
| `443` | KeyPackage | [EE](EE.md) |
| `444` | Welcome Message | [EE](EE.md) |
| `445` | Group Event | [EE](EE.md) |
| `818` | Merge Requests | [54](54.md) |
| `1018` | Poll Response | [88](88.md) |
| `1021` | Bid | [15](15.md) |
@ -147,10 +155,13 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
| `1063` | File Metadata | [94](94.md) |
| `1068` | Poll | [88](88.md) |
| `1111` | Comment | [22](22.md) |
| `1222` | Voice Message | [A0](A0.md) |
| `1244` | Voice Message Comment | [A0](A0.md) |
| `1311` | Live Chat Message | [53](53.md) |
| `1337` | Code Snippet | [C0](C0.md) |
| `1617` | Patches | [34](34.md) |
| `1621` | Issues | [34](34.md) |
| `1622` | Replies | [34](34.md) |
| `1622` | Git Replies (deprecated) | [34](34.md) |
| `1630`-`1633` | Status | [34](34.md) |
| `1971` | Problem Tracker | [nostrocket][nostrocket] |
| `1984` | Reporting | [56](56.md) |
@ -167,6 +178,8 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
| `7374` | Reserved Cashu Wallet Tokens | [60](60.md) |
| `7375` | Cashu Wallet Tokens | [60](60.md) |
| `7376` | Cashu Wallet History | [60](60.md) |
| `7516` | Geocache log | [geocaching][geocaching] |
| `7517` | Geocache proof of find | [geocaching][geocaching] |
| `9000`-`9030` | Group Control Events | [29](29.md) |
| `9041` | Zap Goal | [75](75.md) |
| `9321` | Nutzap | [61](61.md) |
@ -183,14 +196,20 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
| `10006` | Blocked relays list | [51](51.md) |
| `10007` | Search relays list | [51](51.md) |
| `10009` | User groups | [51](51.md), [29](29.md) |
| `10012` | Favorite relays list | [51](51.md) |
| `10013` | Private event relay list | [37](37.md) |
| `10015` | Interests list | [51](51.md) |
| `10019` | Nutzap Mint Recommendation | [61](61.md) |
| `10020` | Media follows | [51](51.md) |
| `10030` | User emoji list | [51](51.md) |
| `10050` | Relay list to receive DMs | [51](51.md), [17](17.md) |
| `10051` | KeyPackage Relays List | [EE](EE.md) |
| `10063` | User server list | [Blossom][blossom] |
| `10096` | File storage server list | [96](96.md) |
| `10096` | File storage server list | [96](96.md) (deprecated) |
| `10166` | Relay Monitor Announcement | [66](66.md) |
| `10312` | Room Presence | [53](53.md) |
| `10377` | Proxy Announcement | [Nostr Epoxy][nostr-epoxy] |
| `11111` | Transport Method Announcement | [Nostr Epoxy][nostr-epoxy] |
| `13194` | Wallet Info | [47](47.md) |
| `17375` | Cashu Wallet Event | [60](60.md) |
| `21000` | Lightning Pub RPC | [Lightning.Pub][lnpub] |
@ -224,6 +243,8 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
| `30166` | Relay Discovery | [66](66.md) |
| `30267` | App curation sets | [51](51.md) |
| `30311` | Live Event | [53](53.md) |
| `30312` | Interactive Room | [53](53.md) |
| `30313` | Conference Event | [53](53.md) |
| `30315` | User Statuses | [38](38.md) |
| `30388` | Slide Set | [Corny Chat][cornychat-slideset] |
| `30402` | Classified Listing | [99](99.md) |
@ -240,11 +261,17 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
| `31924` | Calendar | [52](52.md) |
| `31925` | Calendar Event RSVP | [52](52.md) |
| `31989` | Handler recommendation | [89](89.md) |
| `31990` | Handler information | [89](89.md) | |
| `32267` | Software Application | | |
| `31990` | Handler information | [89](89.md) |
| `32267` | Software Application | |
| `34550` | Community Definition | [72](72.md) |
| `38172` | Cashu Mint Announcement | [87](87.md) |
| `38173` | Fedimint Announcement | [87](87.md) |
| `37516` | Geocache listing | [geocaching](geocaching) |
| `38383` | Peer-to-peer Order events | [69](69.md) |
| `39000-9` | Group metadata events | [29](29.md) |
| `39089` | Starter packs | [51](51.md) |
| `39092` | Media starter packs | [51](51.md) |
| `39701` | Web bookmarks | [B0](B0.md) |
[NUD: Custom Feeds]: https://wikifreedia.xyz/cip-01/
[nostrocket]: https://github.com/nostrocket/NIPS/blob/main/Problems.md
@ -257,6 +284,8 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
[NKBIP-03]: https://wikistr.com/nkbip-03*fd208ee8c8f283780a9552896e4823cc9dc6bfd442063889577106940fd927c1
[blossom]: https://github.com/hzrd149/blossom
[Tidal-nostr]: https://wikistr.com/tidal-nostr
[geocaching]: https://nostrhub.io/naddr1qvzqqqrcvypzppscgyy746fhmrt0nq955z6xmf80pkvrat0yq0hpknqtd00z8z68qqgkwet0vdskx6rfdenj6etkv4h8guc6gs5y5
[nostr-epoxy]: https://github.com/Origami74/nostr-epoxy-reverse-proxy
## Message types
@ -282,7 +311,7 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
| `AUTH` | used to send authentication challenges | [42](42.md) |
| `COUNT` | used to send requested event counts to clients | [45](45.md) |
## Standardized Tags
## Common Tags
| name | value | other parameters | NIP |
| ----------------- | ------------------------------------ | ------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
@ -298,7 +327,7 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
| `I` | root external identity | -- | [22](22.md) |
| `k` | kind | -- | [18](18.md), [25](25.md), [72](72.md), [73](73.md) |
| `K` | root scope | -- | [22](22.md) |
| `l` | label, label namespace | -- | [32](32.md) |
| `l` | label, label namespace, language name| -- | [32](32.md), [C0](C0.md) |
| `L` | label namespace | -- | [32](32.md) |
| `m` | MIME type | -- | [94](94.md) |
| `p` | pubkey (hex) | relay URL, petname | [01](01.md), [02](02.md), [22](22.md) |
@ -321,29 +350,35 @@ They exist to document what may be implemented by [Nostr](https://github.com/nos
| `clone` | git clone URL | -- | [34](34.md) |
| `content-warning` | reason | -- | [36](36.md) |
| `delegation` | pubkey, conditions, delegation token | -- | [26](26.md) |
| `description` | description | -- | [34](34.md), [57](57.md), [58](58.md) |
| `dep` | Required dependency | -- | [C0](C0.md) |
| `description` | description | -- | [34](34.md), [57](57.md), [58](58.md), [C0](C0.md) |
| `emoji` | shortcode, image URL | -- | [30](30.md) |
| `encrypted` | -- | -- | [90](90.md) |
| `extension` | File extension | -- | [C0](C0.md) |
| `expiration` | unix timestamp (string) | -- | [40](40.md) |
| `file` | full path (string) | -- | [35](35.md) |
| `goal` | event id (hex) | relay URL | [75](75.md) |
| `HEAD` | `ref: refs/heads/<branch-name>` | | [34](34.md) |
| `image` | image URL | dimensions in pixels | [23](23.md), [52](52.md), [58](58.md) |
| `imeta` | inline metadata | -- | [92](92.md) |
| `license` | License of the shared content | -- | [C0](C0.md) |
| `lnurl` | `bech32` encoded `lnurl` | -- | [57](57.md) |
| `location` | location string | -- | [52](52.md), [99](99.md) |
| `name` | name | -- | [34](34.md), [58](58.md), [72](72.md) |
| `name` | name | -- | [34](34.md), [58](58.md), [72](72.md), [C0](C0.md) |
| `nonce` | random | difficulty | [13](13.md) |
| `preimage` | hash of `bolt11` invoice | -- | [57](57.md) |
| `price` | price | currency, frequency | [99](99.md) |
| `proxy` | external ID | protocol | [48](48.md) |
| `published_at` | unix timestamp (string) | -- | [23](23.md) |
| `published_at` | unix timestamp (string) | -- | [23](23.md), [B0](B0.md) |
| `relay` | relay url | -- | [42](42.md), [17](17.md) |
| `relays` | relay list | -- | [57](57.md) |
| `repo` | Reference to the origin repository | -- | [C0](C0.md) |
| `runtime` | Runtime or environment specification | -- | [C0](C0.md) |
| `server` | file storage server url | -- | [96](96.md) |
| `subject` | subject | -- | [14](14.md), [17](17.md), [34](34.md) |
| `summary` | summary | -- | [23](23.md), [52](52.md) |
| `thumb` | badge thumbnail | dimensions in pixels | [58](58.md) |
| `title` | article title | -- | [23](23.md) |
| `title` | title | -- | [23](23.md), [B0](B0.md) |
| `tracker` | torrent tracker URL | -- | [35](35.md) |
| `web` | webpage URL | -- | [34](34.md) |
| `zap` | pubkey (hex), relay URL | weight | [57](57.md) |
@ -372,10 +407,6 @@ Standards may emerge in two ways: the first way is that someone starts doing som
These two ways of standardizing things are supported by this repository. Although the second is preferred, an effort will be made to codify standards emerged outside this repository into NIPs that can be later referenced and easily understood and implemented by others -- but obviously as in any human system discretion may be applied when standards are considered harmful.
## Breaking Changes
[Breaking Changes](BREAKING.md)
## License
All NIPs are public domain.
@ -384,4 +415,4 @@ All NIPs are public domain.
<a align="center" href="https://github.com/nostr-protocol/nips/graphs/contributors">
<img src="https://contrib.rocks/image?repo=nostr-protocol/nips" />
</a>
</a>