diff --git a/pool.ts b/pool.ts
index 2370739..fa66f62 100644
--- a/pool.ts
+++ b/pool.ts
@@ -1,237 +1,167 @@
-import { eventsGenerator, relayInit, type Relay, type Sub, type SubscriptionOptions } from './relay.ts'
+import { relayConnect, type Relay, SubscriptionParams, Subscription } from './relay.ts'
 import { normalizeURL } from './utils.ts'
 
 import type { Event } from './event.ts'
-import { matchFilters, mergeFilters, type Filter } from './filter.ts'
+import { type Filter } from './filter.ts'
 
-type BatchedRequest = {
-  filters: Filter[]
-  relays: string[]
-  resolve: (events: Event[]) => void
-  events: Event[]
+export type SubscribeManyParams = Omit<SubscriptionParams, 'onclose'> & {
+  eoseSubTimeout: number
+  onclose?: (reasons: string[]) => void
 }
 
 export class SimplePool {
-  private _conn: { [url: string]: Relay }
-  private _seenOn: { [id: string]: Set<string> } = {} // a map of all events we've seen in each relay
-  private batchedByKey: { [batchKey: string]: BatchedRequest[] } = {}
-
-  private eoseSubTimeout: number
-  private getTimeout: number
-  private seenOnEnabled: boolean = true
-  private batchInterval: number = 100
-
-  constructor(
-    options: {
-      eoseSubTimeout?: number
-      getTimeout?: number
-      seenOnEnabled?: boolean
-      batchInterval?: number
-    } = {},
-  ) {
-    this._conn = {}
-    this.eoseSubTimeout = options.eoseSubTimeout || 3400
-    this.getTimeout = options.getTimeout || 3400
-    this.seenOnEnabled = options.seenOnEnabled !== false
-    this.batchInterval = options.batchInterval || 100
-  }
-
-  close(relays: string[]): void {
-    relays.forEach(url => {
-      let relay = this._conn[normalizeURL(url)]
-      if (relay) relay.close()
-    })
-  }
+  private relays = new Map<string, Relay>()
 
   async ensureRelay(url: string): Promise<Relay> {
-    const nm = normalizeURL(url)
+    url = normalizeURL(url)
 
-    if (!this._conn[nm]) {
-      this._conn[nm] = relayInit(nm, {
-        getTimeout: this.getTimeout * 0.9,
-        listTimeout: this.getTimeout * 0.9,
-      })
+    let relay = this.relays.get(url)
+    if (!relay) {
+      relay = relayConnect(url)
+      this.relays.set(url, relay)
     }
 
-    const relay = this._conn[nm]
-    await relay.connect()
     return relay
   }
 
-  sub(relays: string[], filters: Filter[], opts?: SubscriptionOptions): Sub {
-    let _knownIds: Set<string> = new Set()
-    let modifiedOpts = { ...(opts || {}) }
-    modifiedOpts.alreadyHaveEvent = (id, url) => {
-      if (opts?.alreadyHaveEvent?.(id, url)) {
+  async subscribeMany(
+    relays: string[],
+    filters: Filter[],
+    params: SubscribeManyParams,
+  ): Promise<{ close: () => void }> {
+    const _knownIds = new Set<string>()
+    params.alreadyHaveEvent = (id: string) => {
+      if (params.alreadyHaveEvent?.(id)) {
         return true
       }
-      if (this.seenOnEnabled) {
-        let set = this._seenOn[id] || new Set()
-        set.add(url)
-        this._seenOn[id] = set
-      }
-      return _knownIds.has(id)
+      const have = _knownIds.has(id)
+      _knownIds.add(id)
+      return have
     }
 
-    let subs: Sub[] = []
-    let eventListeners: Set<any> = new Set()
-    let eoseListeners: Set<() => void> = new Set()
+    const subs: Subscription[] = []
+
+    // batch all EOSEs into a single
     let eosesMissing = relays.length
+    let handleEose = () => {
+      eosesMissing--
+      if (eosesMissing === 0) {
+        clearTimeout(eoseTimeout)
+        params.oneose?.()
+      }
+    }
+    const eoseTimeout = setTimeout(() => {
+      handleEose = () => {}
+      params.oneose?.()
+    }, params.eoseSubTimeout || 5400)
 
-    let eoseSent = false
-    let eoseTimeout = setTimeout(
-      () => {
-        eoseSent = true
-        for (let cb of eoseListeners.values()) cb()
-      },
-      opts?.eoseSubTimeout || this.eoseSubTimeout,
-    )
+    // batch all closes into a single
+    const closesReceived: string[] = []
+    const handleClose = (i: number, reason: string) => {
+      handleEose()
+      closesReceived[i] = reason
+      if (closesReceived.length === relays.length) {
+        params.onclose?.(closesReceived)
+      }
+    }
 
-    relays
-      .filter((r, i, a) => a.indexOf(r) === i)
-      .forEach(async relay => {
-        let r
+    // open a subscription in all given relays
+    await Promise.all(
+      relays.map(normalizeURL).map(async (url, i) => {
+        if (relays.indexOf(url) !== i) {
+          // duplicate
+          handleClose(i, 'duplicate')
+          return
+        }
+
+        let relay: Relay
         try {
-          r = await this.ensureRelay(relay)
+          relay = await this.ensureRelay(url)
         } catch (err) {
           handleEose()
           return
         }
-        if (!r) return
-        let s = r.sub(filters, modifiedOpts)
-        s.on('event', event => {
-          _knownIds.add(event.id as string)
-          for (let cb of eventListeners.values()) cb(event)
-        })
-        s.on('eose', () => {
-          if (eoseSent) return
-          handleEose()
-        })
-        subs.push(s)
 
-        function handleEose() {
-          eosesMissing--
-          if (eosesMissing === 0) {
-            clearTimeout(eoseTimeout)
-            for (let cb of eoseListeners.values()) cb()
-          }
-        }
-      })
+        let subscription = await relay.subscribe(filters, {
+          ...params,
+          oneose: handleEose,
+          onclose: reason => handleClose(i, reason),
+        })
 
-    let greaterSub: Sub = {
-      sub(filters, opts) {
-        subs.forEach(sub => sub.sub(filters, opts))
-        return greaterSub as any
-      },
-      unsub() {
-        subs.forEach(sub => sub.unsub())
-      },
-      on(type, cb) {
-        if (type === 'event') {
-          eventListeners.add(cb)
-        } else if (type === 'eose') {
-          eoseListeners.add(cb as () => void | Promise<void>)
-        }
-      },
-      off(type, cb) {
-        if (type === 'event') {
-          eventListeners.delete(cb)
-        } else if (type === 'eose') eoseListeners.delete(cb as () => void | Promise<void>)
-      },
-      get events() {
-        return eventsGenerator(greaterSub)
+        subs.push(subscription)
+      }),
+    )
+
+    return {
+      close() {
+        subs.forEach(sub => {
+          sub.close()
+        })
       },
     }
-
-    return greaterSub
   }
 
-  get(relays: string[], filter: Filter, opts?: SubscriptionOptions): Promise<Event | null> {
-    return new Promise(resolve => {
-      let sub = this.sub(relays, [filter], opts)
-      let timeout = setTimeout(() => {
-        sub.unsub()
-        resolve(null)
-      }, this.getTimeout)
-      sub.on('event', event => {
-        resolve(event)
-        clearTimeout(timeout)
-        sub.unsub()
+  async subscribeManyEose(
+    relays: string[],
+    filters: Filter[],
+    params: Pick<SubscribeManyParams, 'id' | 'onevent' | 'onclose' | 'eoseSubTimeout'>,
+  ): Promise<{ close: () => void }> {
+    const sub = await this.subscribeMany(relays, filters, {
+      ...params,
+      oneose() {
+        sub.close()
+      },
+    })
+    return sub
+  }
+
+  get(
+    relays: string[],
+    filter: Filter,
+    params: Pick<SubscribeManyParams, 'id' | 'eoseSubTimeout'>,
+  ): Promise<Event | null> {
+    return new Promise(async (resolve, reject) => {
+      const sub = await this.subscribeManyEose(relays, [filter], {
+        ...params,
+        onevent(event: Event) {
+          resolve(event)
+          sub.close()
+        },
+        onclose(reasons: string[]) {
+          const err = new Error('subscriptions closed')
+          err.cause = reasons
+          reject(err)
+        },
       })
     })
   }
 
-  list(relays: string[], filters: Filter[], opts?: SubscriptionOptions): Promise<Event[]> {
-    return new Promise(resolve => {
-      let events: Event[] = []
-      let sub = this.sub(relays, filters, opts)
-
-      sub.on('event', event => {
-        events.push(event)
-      })
-
-      // we can rely on an eose being emitted here because pool.sub() will fake one
-      sub.on('eose', () => {
-        sub.unsub()
-        resolve(events)
-      })
-    })
-  }
-
-  batchedList(batchKey: string, relays: string[], filters: Filter[]): Promise<Event[]> {
-    return new Promise(resolve => {
-      if (!this.batchedByKey[batchKey]) {
-        this.batchedByKey[batchKey] = [
-          {
-            filters,
-            relays,
-            resolve,
-            events: [],
-          },
-        ]
-
-        setTimeout(() => {
-          Object.keys(this.batchedByKey).forEach(async batchKey => {
-            const batchedRequests = this.batchedByKey[batchKey]
-
-            const filters = [] as Filter[]
-            const relays = [] as string[]
-            batchedRequests.forEach(br => {
-              filters.push(...br.filters)
-              relays.push(...br.relays)
-            })
-
-            const sub = this.sub(relays, [mergeFilters(...filters)])
-            sub.on('event', event => {
-              batchedRequests.forEach(br => matchFilters(br.filters, event) && br.events.push(event))
-            })
-            sub.on('eose', () => {
-              sub.unsub()
-              batchedRequests.forEach(br => br.resolve(br.events))
-            })
-
-            delete this.batchedByKey[batchKey]
-          })
-        }, this.batchInterval)
-      } else {
-        this.batchedByKey[batchKey].push({
-          filters,
-          relays,
-          resolve,
-          events: [],
-        })
+  publish(relays: string[], event: Event): Promise<string>[] {
+    return relays.map(normalizeURL).map(async (url, i) => {
+      if (relays.indexOf(url) !== i) {
+        // duplicate
+        return Promise.reject('duplicate')
       }
-    })
-  }
 
-  publish(relays: string[], event: Event): Promise<void>[] {
-    return relays.map(async relay => {
-      let r = await this.ensureRelay(relay)
+      let r = await this.ensureRelay(url)
       return r.publish(event)
     })
   }
+}
 
-  seenOn(id: string): string[] {
-    return Array.from(this._seenOn[id]?.values?.() || [])
+export class RelayTrackingPool extends SimplePool {
+  public seenOn = new Map<string, Set<Relay>>()
+
+  subscribeMany(relays: string[], filters: Filter[], params: SubscribeManyParams): Promise<{ close: () => void }> {
+    params.receivedEvent = (relay: Relay, id: string) => {
+      let set = this.seenOn.get(id)
+      if (!set) {
+        set = new Set()
+        this.seenOn.set(id, set)
+      }
+      set.add(relay)
+    }
+
+    return super.subscribeMany(relays, filters, params)
   }
 }
diff --git a/relay.ts b/relay.ts
index 82df7da..b18ac26 100644
--- a/relay.ts
+++ b/relay.ts
@@ -128,8 +128,13 @@ export class Relay {
       // we do this before parsing the JSON to not have to do that for duplicate events
       //   since JSON parsing is slow
       const id = getHex64(json, 'id')
-      so.receivedEvent?.(id) // this is so the client knows this relay had this event
-      if (so.alreadyHaveEvent?.(id)) {
+      const alreadyHave = so.alreadyHaveEvent?.(id)
+
+      // notify any interested client that the relay has this event
+      // (do this after alreadyHaveEvent() because the client may rely on this to answer that)
+      so.receivedEvent?.(this, id)
+
+      if (alreadyHave) {
         // if we had already seen this event we can just stop here
         return
       }
@@ -263,7 +268,7 @@ export class Subscription {
   public eosed: boolean = false
 
   public alreadyHaveEvent: ((id: string) => boolean) | undefined
-  public receivedEvent: ((id: string) => boolean) | undefined
+  public receivedEvent: ((relay: Relay, id: string) => void) | undefined
   public readonly filters: Filter[]
 
   public onevent: (evt: Event) => void
@@ -298,7 +303,7 @@ export type SubscriptionParams = {
   oneose?: () => void
   onclose?: (reason: string) => void
   alreadyHaveEvent?: (id: string) => boolean
-  receivedEvent?: (id: string) => boolean
+  receivedEvent?: (relay: Relay, id: string) => void
 }
 
 export type CountResolver = {